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Alfa Romeo Alfa 164

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Alfa Romeo 164: A Comprehensive Guide

The Alfa Romeo 164 (Tipo 164) is a four-door executive saloon car produced by the Italian automaker Alfa Romeo from 1987 to 1998. Designed by Pininfarina, it represented a significant step forward for Alfa Romeo, marking their entry into the highly competitive executive car market. The 164 was the last model to be developed while Alfa Romeo was still an independent company, before its acquisition by Fiat.

Class

The Alfa Romeo 164 competed directly with other European executive saloons such as the BMW 5 Series, Mercedes-Benz E-Class, Audi 100 (later A6), and Saab 9000. It aimed to offer a distinctive Italian alternative, blending sporty performance with elegant design and a luxurious interior.

Generations

  • Series 1 (1987-1992): This initial series featured the original Pininfarina design with a chrome grille, simple interior, and a range of four-cylinder and V6 engines. Key features included standard air conditioning, power windows, and central locking. Engine options initially included a 2.0-liter Twin Spark inline-four, a 3.0-liter V6, and a 2.0-liter turbo-charged four-cylinder.
  • Series 2 (1993-1997): The Series 2 brought several updates, including a redesigned interior with a more modern dashboard, improved sound insulation, and refined trim. Exterior changes were subtle, with body-colored trim replacing much of the chrome. More powerful engine options were added, including the 24-valve V6 and a diesel variant.
  • Series 3 (1997-1998): The final series was primarily cosmetic changes to keep the 164 competitive. Very late model year cars, often badged "Super," represented the final refinements. Engine options were largely carried over from the Series 2.

Reliability & Common Issues

The Alfa Romeo 164, like many Italian cars of its era, has a reputation for requiring diligent maintenance. While well-maintained examples can be reliable and enjoyable, neglecting necessary repairs can lead to frustrating issues. Here's a breakdown of common problems:

Engine

  • Timing Belt: The timing belt on the 164's engines (especially the V6) is crucial. Failure to replace it at the recommended intervals (typically every 36,000 miles or 3 years) can result in catastrophic engine damage. Consider this a MUST-DO if buying a used 164 with unknown service history.
  • Oil Leaks: The V6 engines are prone to oil leaks from various locations, including the valve covers, oil pan, and crankshaft seals. Regular monitoring and addressing these leaks are essential.
  • Cooling System: Overheating can be a problem, particularly on V6 models. Check the radiator, hoses, thermostat, and water pump for leaks or corrosion. Ensure the cooling fans are functioning correctly.
  • Twin Spark Engine Issues (2.0L): These engines, while characterful, can suffer from issues related to the twin spark ignition system. Misfires and rough running can result from faulty spark plugs, ignition coils, or wiring.

Electrical System

  • Electrical Gremlins: Italian cars of this era aren't exactly renowned for electrical prowess. Expect potential issues with window regulators, central locking, and the instrument cluster. Thoroughly test all electrical functions.
  • Wiring Harness: The wiring harness can become brittle and prone to cracking with age, leading to shorts and intermittent problems. Inspect visible wiring for damage.
  • ECU Issues: The engine control unit (ECU) can sometimes fail, causing various engine management problems. Diagnosing ECU issues can be complex and require specialized equipment.

Transmission

  • Manual Gearboxes: The manual gearboxes are generally robust but can suffer from synchro wear, especially in the second gear. Check for smooth shifting and listen for any grinding noises.
  • Automatic Gearboxes: The automatic transmissions (typically ZF units) are generally reliable if properly maintained with regular fluid changes. Check for smooth shifting and listen for any slipping or jerking.

Suspension & Brakes

  • Suspension Components: The suspension components (bushings, ball joints, shocks) can wear out over time, leading to a sloppy ride and poor handling. Inspect these components for wear and replace as needed.
  • Brake System: Check the condition of the brake rotors, pads, and calipers. Ensure the ABS system (if equipped) is functioning correctly.

Body & Interior

  • Rust: Rust can be a problem, particularly in areas with harsh winters. Check the underbody, wheel arches, and sills for signs of corrosion.
  • Interior Wear: The interior trim can be prone to wear and tear, especially the leather seats and dashboard. Inspect for cracks, tears, and fading.

Driving Experience

Pros:

  • Distinctive Styling: The Pininfarina design is elegant and timeless, setting it apart from its competitors.
  • Engaging Handling: The 164 offers a surprisingly agile and engaging driving experience, with well-weighted steering and a responsive chassis.
  • Powerful Engines: The V6 engines, especially the 24-valve versions, provide exhilarating performance and a characteristic Alfa Romeo exhaust note.
  • Comfortable Ride: Despite its sporty character, the 164 offers a comfortable ride, making it suitable for long journeys.
  • Unique and Rare: The 164 is relatively rare compared to other executive saloons, making it a distinctive choice for enthusiasts.

Cons:

  • Reliability Concerns: As mentioned earlier, the 164 can be prone to mechanical and electrical issues if not properly maintained.
  • Parts Availability: Sourcing parts can be challenging, especially for certain trim pieces and specialized components.
  • Running Costs: Due to its age and potential maintenance needs, the 164 can be relatively expensive to run.
  • Fuel Economy: The fuel economy is not particularly good, especially with the V6 engines.

Buying Advice

Years to Look For:

  • 1993-1997 (Series 2): The Series 2 offers the best balance of improvements and desirability. The redesigned interior is a significant upgrade, and the later V6 engines are more powerful and refined.
  • Late '97-'98 (Series 3/Super): The very last examples of the 164 will likely have had the most problems addressed and ironed out from the factory.

Years to Avoid (Potentially):

  • Early Series 1 (1987-1989): The earliest models can suffer from more significant reliability issues and may be harder to find parts for.
  • Examples with poor maintenance history: Regardless of the year, avoid examples with a history of neglect. A well-maintained 164 is far more desirable than a cheap project car.

What to Look For:

  • Complete Service History: Look for a car with a detailed service history, including records of timing belt replacements, oil changes, and other maintenance work.
  • Rust-Free Body: Inspect the body carefully for signs of rust, especially in vulnerable areas like the underbody and wheel arches.
  • Functional Electrical System: Test all electrical functions, including windows, central locking, lights, and instruments.
  • Smooth Engine and Transmission: Ensure the engine runs smoothly and the transmission shifts properly. Listen for any unusual noises.
  • Originality: While modifications can be appealing, original examples are generally more desirable and easier to maintain.
  • Expert Inspection: Have a qualified mechanic familiar with Alfa Romeos inspect the car before you buy it.

The Alfa Romeo 164 is a unique and rewarding car to own, but it requires a certain level of dedication and mechanical sympathy. If you're willing to put in the effort to maintain it properly, you'll be rewarded with a stylish, engaging, and characterful executive saloon that stands out from the crowd.

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