Alfa Romeo Alfa 6: A Comprehensive Buyer's Guide
The Alfa Romeo Alfa 6, a name that resonates with Italian automotive enthusiasts, was a luxury saloon produced by Alfa Romeo between 1979 and 1986. Conceived as a rival to executive cars from BMW, Mercedes-Benz, and Rover, the Alfa 6 marked Alfa Romeo's return to the large saloon segment after a long absence. It was notable for its advanced technology, including a fuel-injected V6 engine derived from aircraft technology, and its distinctive, though sometimes polarizing, styling.
Generations
- First Generation (1979-1983): Introduced with a 2.5-liter fuel-injected V6 engine. Key features included independent suspension all around, disc brakes on all wheels, and a de Dion rear axle. Initially, a quirky 6-carburetor version was offered, but quickly replaced. Styling was generally regarded as understated, perhaps too much so for some Alfisti. A rare, factory-fitted automatic transmission was an option.
- Second Generation (1983-1986): Refreshed styling with a redesigned front fascia (larger headlights and grille), updated interior, and improved fuel injection system. The 'Quadrifoglio Oro' (Gold Cloverleaf) trim level offered more luxurious appointments. A 2.0-liter fuel-injected V6 was added to the range to reduce taxes in some markets. A 2.5 liter turbodiesel was also offered from 1983 on, sourced from VM Motori.
Reliability & Common Issues
The Alfa 6, while mechanically sophisticated, unfortunately developed a reputation for unreliability. A thorough inspection and understanding of potential problems is crucial before purchase.
Engine
The V6 engine, while generally robust in its basic design, can suffer from several issues:
- Fuel Injection System (Bosch L-Jetronic): This system is complex for its time and can be prone to failures of sensors (temperature sensors, airflow meter), fuel injectors, and the control unit. Maintaining proper fuel pressure and injector function is vital. A poorly maintained system can lead to rough running, poor fuel economy, and difficulty starting.
- Cooling System: Overheating is a common problem. Ensure the radiator is clean, the thermostat is functioning correctly, and the cooling fan operates as intended. Check for leaks in the hoses and radiator. The aluminum cylinder heads are sensitive to overheating, which can cause head gasket failure or even cracking.
- Timing Belt: Regular timing belt replacement is critical to prevent catastrophic engine damage. The recommended interval should be adhered to strictly. Check for oil leaks around the camshaft seals.
- Oil Leaks: The Alfa 6 engine is notorious for oil leaks, especially from the valve covers, oil pan, and crankshaft seals. Regular checks and prompt repairs are essential.
- Exhaust System: Exhaust manifold cracking can be common. Repair or replacement, along with the condition of the rest of the exhaust system, needs checking.
Transmission
The Alfa 6 was available with a 5-speed manual or a rare 3-speed automatic transmission.
- Manual Transmission: While generally reliable, the synchromesh can wear, leading to difficult gear changes, especially in 2nd gear. Check for excessive play in the shifter linkage.
- Automatic Transmission (Borg Warner 65): These are prone to failure, especially if not regularly serviced. Check for smooth shifting and avoid any examples that exhibit slipping or harsh engagement. Parts availability can be challenging.
Suspension & Brakes
- Suspension: The de Dion rear suspension, while offering good handling, can be expensive to repair. Check for wear in the de Dion tube bushings and the trailing arm bushings. The self-leveling rear suspension (if equipped) can also develop leaks and require costly repairs.
- Brakes: Ensure the brakes are functioning properly and that the brake lines are in good condition. Check for leaks in the brake master cylinder and the brake calipers. The rear inboard discs mean that rear brake replacement involves quite a bit of labour, which adds to the cost.
Electrical System
- Wiring: The Alfa 6's wiring is known to degrade over time, leading to electrical faults. Check for brittle insulation and corroded connectors. Grounding issues can also be problematic.
- Switches and Relays: Electrical components can fail due to age and poor contacts. Carefully examine the function of all lights, wipers, and electrical systems.
Bodywork & Interior
- Rust: Alfa 6s are prone to rust, especially in the sills, wheel arches, and floor pan. Thoroughly inspect the bodywork for signs of corrosion.
- Interior: The interior trim can be fragile and prone to wear. Check for cracks in the dashboard and tears in the upholstery. Replacement parts can be difficult to find.
Driving Experience
When properly maintained, the Alfa 6 offers a unique and rewarding driving experience. The V6 engine provides a distinctive sound and adequate performance. The handling is surprisingly good for a large saloon, thanks to its independent suspension and de Dion rear axle. However, it is important to acknowledge both the pros and cons:
Pros:
- Smooth and characterful V6 engine.
- Well-balanced handling.
- Relatively comfortable ride.
- Unique and stylish (to some) design.
Cons:
- Complex and potentially unreliable systems.
- Poor fuel economy.
- Parts availability can be challenging.
- Prone to rust.
Buying Advice
Buying an Alfa 6 is not for the faint of heart. It requires a passion for the marque and a willingness to invest time and money in maintenance. Consider the following before making a purchase:
- Condition is Key: Prioritize a well-maintained example with documented service history. Rust-free examples are extremely rare and command a premium.
- Inspect Thoroughly: Have a pre-purchase inspection performed by a mechanic familiar with Alfa Romeos, especially older models.
- Later Models are Better: The second-generation (1983-1986) models generally offer improvements in terms of reliability and styling.
- Join an Alfa Romeo Club: Membership in an Alfa Romeo club can provide valuable resources, advice, and access to parts.
- Be Prepared to DIY: Many Alfa 6 owners perform their own maintenance due to the rarity of qualified mechanics and the high cost of repairs.
- Understand Part Scarcity: Some parts are very difficult or even impossible to find, so check on the likely availability of essential spares.
- Budget Accordingly: Factor in the cost of potential repairs and maintenance when determining your budget. Don't buy the cheapest example, as it will likely cost more in the long run.
- Consider Rarity: With low production numbers, the Alfa 6 is becoming increasingly rare. This makes finding a good example more difficult but can also translate into a future investment.
Ultimately, the Alfa Romeo Alfa 6 is a challenging but rewarding classic car. With careful research, diligent maintenance, and a love for Italian automobiles, owning an Alfa 6 can be a truly unique and satisfying experience.
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