Alfa Romeo Alfetta: A Comprehensive Guide
The Alfa Romeo Alfetta, a name derived from the diminutive of "Alfa Romeo" itself and echoing the successful Formula 1 car of the 1950s, is a front-engine, rear-wheel-drive executive car produced by Alfa Romeo from 1972 to 1987. Positioned as a sportier alternative to more mundane sedans, the Alfetta combined Alfa Romeo's traditional design flair with advanced engineering for its time, including a transaxle drivetrain layout that contributed to its near-perfect weight distribution. While often lauded for its handling and distinct character, it also developed a reputation for idiosyncratic reliability.
Generations
Alfetta Sedan (1972-1984)
The original Alfetta sedan was launched in 1972. It was characterized by its sleek, angular design, penned by Giorgetto Giugiaro at Italdesign. Key features included:
- 1972: Introduction of the Alfetta sedan with a 1.8-liter twin-cam engine. Transaxle layout with inboard rear disc brakes.
- 1975: Introduction of the Alfetta GT coupé (see separate section).
- 1977: Facelift with a new grille, bumpers, and interior. Introduction of the Alfetta 2000 (2.0-liter engine).
- 1979: Minor interior updates.
- 1980: Introduction of the Alfetta 2.0 Li with improved luxury features.
- 1981: Introduction of the Alfetta 2.0 TD turbodiesel.
- 1983: Minor trim changes and improved rustproofing.
- 1984: Production of the Alfetta sedan ends, replaced by the Alfa 90.
Alfetta GT / GTV (1974-1987)
The Alfetta GT (later GTV) was a coupé version of the Alfetta sedan, also designed by Giugiaro. It shared the sedan's mechanical underpinnings but featured a shorter wheelbase and a more sporting character.
- 1974: Introduction of the Alfetta GT with a 1.8-liter engine.
- 1976: Introduction of the Alfetta GTV 2000 (2.0-liter engine).
- 1980: Introduction of the Alfetta GTV 6 2.5 (2.5-liter V6 engine). This marked a significant performance upgrade.
- 1981: Minor styling changes.
- 1987: Production of the GTV ends.
Alfa Romeo 90 (1984-1987)
Effectively a heavily facelifted Alfetta, the Alfa 90 was intended as the sedan replacement. However, it retained the Alfetta's mechanicals. It featured more modern (but arguably less appealing) styling.
- 1984: Alfa 90 introduced with a distinctive wedge shape and electronically controlled fuel injection on some models.
- 1986: Minor updates.
- 1987: Production ends.
Reliability & Common Issues
The Alfetta is infamous for its susceptibility to rust, especially in regions with harsh winters. Careful inspection of the bodywork, particularly around the wheel arches, sills, and floor pans, is crucial. Beyond corrosion, the Alfetta suffers from several well-documented mechanical gremlins.
- Rust: As mentioned above, this is the biggest enemy. Repairing rust can be expensive and time-consuming.
- Transaxle Issues: The transaxle, while contributing to excellent weight distribution, can be complex and prone to issues. Worn synchros, especially in second gear, are common. Rebuilding a transaxle can be costly. Listen for unusual noises during gear changes.
- Spica Fuel Injection (Early Cars): The mechanical Spica fuel injection system, fitted to some early Alfettas in North America, is notoriously unreliable. It requires specialized knowledge to diagnose and repair. Many owners have converted to carburetors or more modern fuel injection systems.
- Electrical Problems: Lucas electrics (on some models) are a classic source of frustration. Check all lights, switches, and instruments for proper function. Wiring can become brittle with age.
- Suspension and Steering: The de Dion rear suspension, while contributing to excellent handling, can suffer from worn bushings and differential issues. The steering box can also develop play.
- Engine Issues: The Alfa Romeo twin-cam engine is generally robust but can suffer from oil leaks, worn valve guides, and timing chain problems. Regular maintenance is essential.
- Brakes: The inboard rear disc brakes, while innovative, can be difficult to service. Check for leaks and ensure the handbrake functions correctly.
Driving Experience
Despite its potential reliability woes, the Alfetta offers a rewarding driving experience. The well-balanced chassis, coupled with the responsive engine and communicative steering, makes it a joy to drive on winding roads. The transaxle drivetrain provides a unique and engaging feel. The GTV models, in particular, offer a sporty and visceral driving experience.
Pros:
- Excellent handling and roadholding
- Responsive and engaging engine
- Unique and rewarding driving experience
- Distinctive styling
Cons:
- Poor reliability, especially rust
- Complex mechanicals requiring specialized knowledge
- Can be expensive to maintain and repair
- Ergonomics can be quirky
Buying Advice
Buying an Alfetta requires careful consideration and thorough inspection. Here's some advice to help you find a good example:
- Focus on Rust: This is the single most important factor. Find the most rust-free example you can afford. Pay particular attention to the areas mentioned earlier.
- Service History: Look for a car with a documented service history. This will give you an idea of how well the car has been maintained.
- Mechanical Inspection: Have a qualified mechanic familiar with Alfa Romeos inspect the car before you buy it.
- Test Drive: Take the car for a thorough test drive. Listen for unusual noises, check the gear changes, and make sure all the instruments are working correctly.
- Avoid Projects (Unless You're Prepared): Unless you have the skills, time, and resources to undertake a major restoration, avoid cars that are in poor condition. It's almost always cheaper to buy a well-maintained example than to restore a neglected one.
- GTV 6: The GTV 6, with its Busso V6 engine, is generally considered the most desirable and reliable of the Alfetta models. However, they also command a higher price.
- Later Models (Generally) Better: While not immune to rust, later models often benefited from improved rustproofing and minor mechanical refinements.
- Spica Cars: Be wary of Alfettas with the original Spica fuel injection system unless it has been properly maintained or converted to a more reliable system.
- Budget for Repairs: Even a well-maintained Alfetta will likely require some maintenance and repairs. Factor this into your budget.
- Join an Alfa Romeo Club: Joining an Alfa Romeo club can provide access to valuable information, technical advice, and a community of enthusiasts.
The Alfa Romeo Alfetta is a car that demands respect and understanding. It's not a car for the faint of heart, but for those who appreciate its unique character and driving experience, it can be a truly rewarding classic.
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