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Aston Martin Db4

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Aston Martin DB4: A Comprehensive Guide

The Aston Martin DB4, a grand tourer produced from 1958 to 1963, represents a pivotal moment in Aston Martin's history. It transitioned the company from producing more traditional, coach-built vehicles to a more modern, mass-produced design, albeit in limited numbers. The DB4 not only showcased a stunning Italian-designed body but also a powerful engine, making it a desirable and collectible classic.

What Class of Car is it?

The Aston Martin DB4 is classified as a Grand Tourer (GT). This means it was designed for high-speed, long-distance driving, offering a blend of performance and comfort. While capable of spirited performance, its primary focus was on refined power and elegant styling, making it ideal for crossing continents in style.

Generations

  • Series I (1958-1959): The original DB4 featured a Tadek Marek-designed 3.7 L (3670 cc) straight-6 engine, disc brakes all around (a relatively new feature at the time), and a Superleggera (super light) body construction patented by Touring of Milan. These bodies were built by Tickford.
  • Series II (1959-1961): Notable changes included improved Girling disc brakes, recessed headlights, and a revised rear axle ratio for enhanced performance. Subtle modifications to the body styling were also present.
  • Series III (1961): This series featured three-piece bumpers, separate turn signals, and modified interior trim. The headlamp apertures were larger.
  • Series IV (1961-1963): The most significant change was the introduction of the DB4 Vantage specification, featuring triple SU carburetors for increased power (266 bhp). The body design was slightly altered, including a shorter wheelbase.
  • Series V (1962-1963): Similar to the Series IV, but with a longer wheelbase again, giving more rear legroom. The roofline was also slightly raised. Vantage versions were available, and some Series Vs were equipped with the 4.0L engine later found in the DB5.
  • DB4 GT (1959-1963): A lightweight, high-performance variant designed for racing. It featured a shorter wheelbase, more powerful engine (with three twin-choke Weber carburetors), faired-in headlamps, and a streamlined body.
  • DB4 GT Zagato (1960-1962): An even more exclusive and lightweight version of the DB4 GT, bodied by Zagato. Only 19 examples were produced. These are the most valuable and sought-after of all DB4 variants.

Reliability & Common Issues

Owning a classic Aston Martin DB4 requires dedication and a realistic understanding of its age and complexity. Here are some common areas of concern:

Engine

The Tadek Marek straight-6 is a robust engine, but regular maintenance is critical. Issues can arise from:

  • Oil Leaks: These are common, particularly from the rear main seal, valve cover gaskets, and timing cover. Regular checks and gasket replacements are necessary.
  • Carburetor Issues: Especially on Vantage models with multiple carburetors, proper tuning and synchronization are vital. Faulty fuel pumps and blocked jets can cause running problems.
  • Cooling System: Overheating is a concern. Ensure the radiator is clean, the water pump is functioning correctly, and the cooling system is properly pressurized. Original radiators may require refurbishment or replacement.
  • Valve Train: Check for worn camshafts, tappets, and valve guides. Noises from the valve train may indicate wear.

Transmission

The David Brown four-speed manual gearbox is generally reliable, but:

  • Synchromesh Wear: Grinding when shifting, particularly into second gear, indicates worn synchromesh rings. A rebuild may be necessary.
  • Oil Leaks: Check for leaks from the seals. Regular oil changes are crucial.

Brakes

The DB4 was one of the first production cars with all-around disc brakes, but they are still a product of their time:

  • Girling Brakes: The Girling disc brakes can be prone to fade under heavy use. Ensure the system is properly bled and the calipers are in good condition.
  • Servo Issues: The brake servo (if fitted) can fail, resulting in reduced braking assistance.

Body and Chassis

The Superleggera construction is beautiful but susceptible to corrosion:

  • Corrosion: Check for rust, especially around the door sills, wheel arches, and chassis. The aluminum body panels can corrode where they meet steel.
  • Frame Condition: Examine the chassis for signs of damage or rust. Repairing a damaged chassis can be costly.
  • Panel Fit: Due to the hand-built nature of the car, panel gaps may not be perfect. However, excessive gaps or misalignment can indicate previous accident damage or poor restoration work.

Electrical System

The electrical system is typical of cars from this era:

  • Wiring: Original wiring can become brittle and prone to shorts. Consider a rewire if necessary.
  • Lucas Components: Lucas electrical components (lights, starter motor, etc.) can be unreliable.

Driving Experience

Pros:

  • Effortless Performance: The DB4 provides a smooth and powerful driving experience, especially with the Vantage engine.
  • Elegant Styling: The Italian-designed body is undeniably beautiful and turns heads wherever it goes.
  • Rarity and Collectibility: Owning a DB4 is owning a piece of automotive history.
  • Grand Touring Comfort: Relatively comfortable for long journeys compared to more spartan sports cars of the era.

Cons:

  • Running Costs: Maintenance and repairs can be expensive due to the car's age and complexity.
  • Driving Demands: Requires active driving skills and awareness due to its age and lack of modern safety features.
  • Limited Practicality: Not ideal for everyday use due to its age, maintenance requirements, and potential for mechanical issues.
  • Parts Availability: While many parts are available, they can be costly and may require sourcing from specialized suppliers.

Buying Advice

What Years to Look For:

  • DB4 Series V (1962-1963): The later Series V models generally benefit from minor improvements and, in some cases, the larger 4.0L engine. They also offer slightly more rear legroom.
  • DB4 Vantage: The Vantage specification offers a significant performance boost with its triple carburetors. However, these are more complex to maintain.
  • Cars with documented history: A well-documented history of maintenance and restoration is invaluable.

What to Avoid:

  • Cars with extensive rust or poorly executed repairs: Bodywork and chassis repairs can be extremely expensive.
  • Mechanically neglected examples: Engine and gearbox rebuilds can be a significant cost.
  • Cars with incorrect parts or modifications: Maintaining originality is important for value and authenticity.
  • Beware of "bargains": DB4s are expensive cars to restore. A significantly lower price than market average often indicates hidden problems.

Before Buying: It is highly recommended to have any potential DB4 inspected by a knowledgeable Aston Martin specialist. This will help identify any potential issues and provide a more accurate assessment of its condition. Consider joining an Aston Martin owners club for valuable advice and support.

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