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Audi Audi Quattro

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Audi Quattro: A Comprehensive Buyer's Guide

The Audi Quattro, often stylized as audi quattro (with a lowercase 'a'), is more than just a car; it's a legend. Pioneering the use of permanent all-wheel drive in rallying and then adapting it for road cars, the Quattro revolutionized automotive engineering and solidified Audi's position as a technologically advanced manufacturer. This guide explores the history, generations, reliability, driving experience, and buying advice for this iconic vehicle.

Introduction: A Rallying Revolution

Introduced at the 1980 Geneva Motor Show, the original Audi Quattro (often referred to as the Ur-Quattro, meaning "original Quattro" in German) was a high-performance coupe based on the Audi 80 (B2) platform. Its defining feature was, of course, its permanent all-wheel drive system, which was groundbreaking at the time. Developed from technology used in the Volkswagen Iltis military vehicle, the Quattro system provided superior traction and handling, particularly in adverse conditions. This immediately translated to motorsport success, with the Quattro dominating the World Rally Championship (WRC) in the early 1980s, winning championships for drivers in 1982 and 1984, and manufacturers in 1982 and 1984. The road-going Quattro was also a significant sales success, proving that all-wheel drive could be desirable and practical for everyday use. The original Quattro is categorized as a sports coupe.

Generations of the Audi Quattro

The "Quattro" name has been applied to different Audi models throughout its history. This section focuses on the distinct generations where the name was closely associated with the groundbreaking all-wheel-drive system and performance focus.

1. Original Quattro (Ur-Quattro) - 1980-1991

  • Years: 1980-1991
  • Key Features:
    • Based on the Audi 80 (B2) platform.
    • Turbocharged 2.1-liter inline-5 engine (later upgraded to 2.2-liter).
    • Permanent all-wheel drive system with manual locking center and rear differentials.
    • Distinctive boxy styling.
    • Initially equipped with analog dashboard, later upgraded to digital display.
    • Available in left-hand drive only.
  • Engine Evolution:
    • 1980-1987: 2.1L 10V Turbo (200 PS) - WR Engine Code
    • 1987-1989: 2.1L 10V Turbo (190 PS) - MB Engine Code (Catalyzed)
    • 1989-1991: 2.2L 20V Turbo (220 PS) - RR Engine Code
  • Significant Changes:
    • 1984: Short wheelbase Sport Quattro introduced with a more powerful engine and lighter body for rallying.
    • 1987: Introduction of the catalyzed MB engine, reducing horsepower slightly to meet emissions standards. Introduction of Torsen center differential.
    • 1989: Introduction of the 20-valve RR engine, a significant performance upgrade.

2. Audi Sport Quattro S1 E2 (Rally Car) - 1985-1986

  • Years: 1985-1986 (Specifically for Group B Rallying)
  • Key Features:
    • Extreme evolution of the Quattro for Group B rally competition.
    • Highly modified bodywork with aggressive aerodynamics and wings.
    • Significantly more powerful engine (estimated 450-500+ hp).
    • Lighter weight than the original Quattro.
  • Note: While not a road car in the same sense as the original Quattro, it's crucial to the Quattro lineage and technological development.

3. Later Audi Models with "Quattro" badging

It is important to note that after the original Quattro and the S1 E2, the "Quattro" badge was then applied to many Audi models equipped with all-wheel drive. These models do not represent a continuation of the original Quattro concept but leverage the well-established "Quattro" name to denote their all-wheel-drive system.

Reliability and Common Issues (Ur-Quattro)

The Ur-Quattro, while groundbreaking, is now a classic car and requires careful inspection and maintenance. Due to its age and complexity, several potential issues are worth noting:

  • Engine:
    • Turbocharger: Check for excessive oil consumption, whining noises, and smoke. Rebuilds or replacements can be costly.
    • Cooling System: Prone to leaks and overheating due to age. Regular coolant changes and inspection of hoses and radiator are crucial.
    • Fuel System: The fuel injection system can suffer from clogged injectors and fuel pump failures.
    • Head Gasket: While robust, head gasket failure can occur, especially in heavily modified or poorly maintained engines.
  • Drivetrain:
    • Differentials: Check for noises and smooth operation of the manual locking center and rear differentials (on earlier models). Later models with Torsen differential are generally more reliable.
    • Gearbox: The 5-speed manual gearbox is generally robust, but synchros can wear over time, leading to grinding gears.
    • Driveshafts: Check for worn CV joints and play in the driveshafts.
  • Electrical:
    • Wiring Harness: The wiring harness can become brittle and cracked over time, leading to electrical issues.
    • Digital Dashboard (Later Models): The digital dashboard is prone to failure, and replacement parts can be difficult to find.
  • Bodywork:
    • Rust: Rust is a major concern, particularly in areas prone to corrosion, such as wheel arches, sills, and floor pans. Thoroughly inspect the car for any signs of rust.
    • Panel Alignment: Check for consistent panel gaps and signs of previous accident damage.
  • Specific to Sport Quattro: These are extremely rare and valuable. Verification of authenticity is crucial to avoid replicas. Maintenance is significantly more expensive due to rarity of parts.

Driving Experience (Ur-Quattro)

The driving experience of an Ur-Quattro is unique and engaging. It's a raw and mechanical feel compared to modern cars. However, it comes with both advantages and disadvantages:

  • Pros:
    • Exceptional Traction: The all-wheel drive system provides unparalleled traction, particularly in wet or snowy conditions.
    • Engaging Driving Dynamics: The manual transmission and responsive turbo engine provide a rewarding driving experience.
    • Iconic Status: Owning an Ur-Quattro is owning a piece of automotive history.
    • Unique Sound: The turbocharged inline-5 engine produces a distinctive and appealing sound.
  • Cons:
    • Turbo Lag: The early turbo engines suffer from noticeable turbo lag.
    • Heavy Steering: The unassisted steering (on early models) can be heavy at low speeds.
    • Demanding Maintenance: Requires regular and specialized maintenance due to its age and complexity.
    • Firm Ride: The suspension is firm, which can make for a less comfortable ride on rough roads.

Buying Advice (Ur-Quattro)

Buying an Ur-Quattro requires careful consideration and research. Here's some advice:

  • Condition is King: Prioritize condition over mileage. A well-maintained example is always preferable to a car with low mileage but neglected maintenance.
  • Rust Inspection: Thoroughly inspect the car for rust, paying particular attention to the areas mentioned above.
  • Service History: Look for a car with a comprehensive service history. This will provide valuable insights into the car's maintenance and repair history.
  • Engine Compression Test: Perform an engine compression test to assess the health of the engine.
  • Check Differential Operation: Ensure that the center and rear differentials (on early models) lock and unlock smoothly.
  • Professional Inspection: Have the car inspected by a qualified mechanic specializing in classic Audi vehicles.
  • Year to Look For:
    • 1989-1991 (2.2L 20V): These models offer the most power and are generally considered the most desirable. They feature the more powerful 20-valve engine and benefit from some of the later improvements.
  • Years to Potentially Avoid (or Require Extra Scrutiny):
    • Early Models (1980-1984): While historically significant, these models are the oldest and may require more extensive restoration. They also feature the earlier, less powerful 10-valve engine and mechanical locking differentials that require manual operation.
    • Any Model with Extensive Modifications: While some modifications may be desirable, heavily modified cars can be unreliable. Ensure that any modifications were performed by a reputable specialist.
  • Budget Accordingly: Factor in the cost of maintenance, repairs, and potential restoration work. Ur-Quattros are not cheap to maintain.
  • Originality: Assess the originality of the car. Original, unmodified examples are generally more valuable.
  • Market Value: Be aware of the current market value of Ur-Quattros. Prices can vary significantly depending on condition and originality.

Owning an Audi Quattro is a rewarding experience. With careful research, a thorough inspection, and a commitment to maintenance, you can enjoy this iconic piece of automotive history for years to come.

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