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Bmw Bmw E28 5 Series

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BMW E28 5 Series: A Comprehensive Buyer's Guide

The BMW E28 5 Series, produced from 1981 to 1988, represents a pivotal moment in BMW's history. It bridged the gap between the simpler, more raw driving experience of earlier models and the increasingly sophisticated, technology-laden BMWs that followed. It solidified the 5 Series as a benchmark for executive sedans, offering a compelling blend of performance, comfort, and understated style. The E28 is considered by many enthusiasts to be the quintessential classic BMW, offering a direct driving experience that is increasingly rare in modern vehicles.

Class of Car

The E28 falls squarely into the mid-size executive car class. It competed with rivals such as the Mercedes-Benz W123 (and later W124) and the Audi 100 (later A6). It was designed to offer a premium driving experience for executives and families alike, providing comfortable seating for five adults and a decent amount of cargo space.

Generations (Evolution of the E28)

  • Production Years: 1981-1988
  • Key Changes & Updates:
    • 1981: Initial launch with models including the 518, 520i, 525i, and 528i. All featured variations of BMW's inline-six engines, except the 518, which had a four-cylinder engine.
    • 1982: Introduction of the 524td, BMW's first diesel-powered 5 Series. This model was primarily targeted at European markets.
    • 1984: Significant facelift including updated interior trim and revised instrument clusters. Engine management systems were also upgraded on some models. The 533i was replaced by the 535i, featuring a larger displacement engine.
    • 1985: The iconic M5 was introduced, featuring the M88/3 inline-six engine derived from the M1 supercar. This cemented the E28's performance credentials.
    • 1986: Introduction of the 528e (Eta) model, which prioritized fuel economy and low-end torque.
    • 1988: Final year of production, replaced by the E34 5 Series.

Reliability & Common Issues

While the E28 is generally considered a reliable classic, certain issues are known to occur with age. Regular maintenance and preventative care are essential for keeping an E28 in good running condition.

Engine (M20, M30, M88/3, M21)

  • M20 (520i, 525e/528e): The "small six" is generally robust but prone to timing belt issues. Regular timing belt replacement (every 30,000 - 40,000 miles) is crucial. Oil leaks from the valve cover gasket are also common. Early Motronic engine management systems can develop issues related to sensors and wiring harnesses.
  • M30 (528i, 533i, 535i): The "big six" is known for its longevity and smooth power delivery. However, it can suffer from valve guide wear, leading to oil consumption and smoky exhaust. Cooling system issues, such as radiator leaks and failing water pumps, are also common. Vacuum leaks can also cause poor idling and performance.
  • M88/3 (M5): This high-performance engine is relatively reliable if properly maintained. However, it's more sensitive to maintenance than the other engines. Checking valve clearances is crucial. Fuel injectors can also become clogged over time. Requires specialized knowledge and parts.
  • M21 (524td): The diesel engine is generally reliable, but can suffer from turbocharger issues, fuel injection pump problems, and glow plug failures. Finding parts for the diesel can be challenging.

Drivetrain

  • Manual Transmissions: The Getrag manual transmissions are generally robust, but can develop synchro wear over time, leading to difficulty shifting. Check for smooth shifting and any grinding noises.
  • Automatic Transmissions: Automatic transmissions can suffer from wear and tear, especially if not properly maintained. Check for smooth shifting and any slipping. Fluid leaks are also common.
  • Differential: Differential leaks are common. Check for any excessive noise or vibration from the rear end.

Suspension & Brakes

  • Suspension: Suspension components, such as shocks, struts, and bushings, wear out over time, leading to poor handling and a rough ride. Rust can also be a problem, especially in areas with harsh winters. Check for worn ball joints and tie rod ends.
  • Brakes: Brake systems can suffer from rust, corrosion, and worn components. Check the condition of the brake lines, calipers, and rotors. Ensure that the ABS (if equipped) is functioning properly.

Electrical System

  • Wiring: Wiring harnesses can become brittle and crack with age, leading to electrical problems. Grounding issues are also common.
  • Electronics: Sensors, relays, and other electronic components can fail over time. Check for proper operation of all electrical systems, including lights, wipers, and the instrument cluster.

Body & Interior

  • Rust: Rust is a major concern, especially in areas with harsh winters. Check for rust in common areas, such as the wheel wells, rocker panels, floor pans, and around the windshield and rear window.
  • Interior: Interior trim can become worn and cracked with age. Leather seats can dry out and crack. Check for proper operation of all interior features, such as the power windows, locks, and air conditioning.

Driving Experience

The E28 offers a unique and rewarding driving experience that is increasingly rare in modern cars. It provides a direct connection to the road, with communicative steering and a well-balanced chassis.

Pros:

  • Direct Steering: The E28's steering is precise and responsive, providing excellent feedback.
  • Balanced Handling: The car handles well in corners, with minimal body roll.
  • Smooth Engine: The inline-six engines are smooth and powerful, providing ample acceleration.
  • Comfortable Ride: The E28 offers a comfortable ride, even on rough roads.
  • Classic Styling: The E28's design is timeless and elegant.

Cons:

  • Age-Related Issues: As a classic car, the E28 is prone to age-related issues, such as rust, electrical problems, and worn suspension components.
  • Fuel Economy: Fuel economy can be poor, especially with the larger engines.
  • Maintenance Costs: Maintenance costs can be higher than for a modern car.
  • Parts Availability: Some parts can be difficult to find, especially for less common models.
  • Lack of Modern Amenities: The E28 lacks many of the modern amenities found in newer cars, such as navigation, Bluetooth, and advanced safety features.

Buying Advice

Buying an E28 requires careful consideration and a thorough inspection. Here's what to look for:

Years to Look For:

  • 1985-1988 535i: These models offer the most powerful non-M engine and benefit from later production improvements.
  • 1988 M5: The holy grail of the E28 range, but expect to pay a premium. Requires deep knowledge of BMW M cars.

Years to Avoid (or Approach with Caution):

  • Early Models (1981-1983): These models may have less sophisticated engine management systems and are more likely to have rust issues.
  • 524td (Diesel): While interesting, parts availability can be a major challenge. Requires specialized diesel knowledge.
  • Any car with significant rust: Rust repair can be very expensive. Seriously consider walking away unless you are prepared for extensive bodywork.

What to Look For:

  • Service History: A complete service history is essential. Look for evidence of regular maintenance, including oil changes, timing belt replacements, and cooling system services.
  • Rust: Thoroughly inspect the car for rust, especially in the wheel wells, rocker panels, floor pans, and around the windshield and rear window.
  • Mechanical Condition: Have a mechanic inspect the car for any mechanical issues, such as engine problems, transmission problems, and suspension problems.
  • Electrical System: Check for proper operation of all electrical systems, including lights, wipers, and the instrument cluster.
  • Interior Condition: Check the condition of the interior trim, seats, and carpets. Look for any signs of wear and tear.
  • Test Drive: Take the car for a test drive to assess its handling, performance, and overall driving experience. Listen for any unusual noises or vibrations.

Final Thoughts

The BMW E28 5 Series is a rewarding classic car that offers a unique and engaging driving experience. However, it's important to do your research and inspect any potential purchase thoroughly to avoid costly surprises. With proper care and maintenance, an E28 can provide years of enjoyment.

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