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Chevrolet National

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The Chevrolet National: A Comprehensive Guide

The Chevrolet National, produced from 1927 to 1928, represents a significant period in Chevrolet's history, bridging the gap between their earlier, less sophisticated models and the increasingly refined vehicles that would define the brand in the coming decades. Positioned as a mid-range offering, the National aimed to provide more features and style than Chevrolet's entry-level options while remaining accessible to a broad segment of the American car market. This guide provides a comprehensive overview of the Chevrolet National, covering its history, generations, reliability, driving experience, and offering practical buying advice.

Generations of the Chevrolet National

The Chevrolet National technically existed for only two model years. However, there were subtle but important changes made between these years, warranting a closer look at the variations:

1927 Chevrolet National AB

  • Key Features: Introduced as a replacement for the Chevrolet Superior, the National AB boasted a more robust engine, improved styling, and increased interior space. It featured a pressed-steel frame, semi-floating rear axle, and a three-speed manual transmission. Available body styles included coupes, roadsters, sedans, and touring cars. The engine was an inline four-cylinder.
  • Notable Changes: The National AB marked a significant styling departure from the Superior. Features included a more modern radiator design and enhanced interior appointments.

1928 Chevrolet National AC International

  • Key Features: While still considered a "National," the 1928 model was often referred to as the "National AC International." It carried over many of the features from the AB but with several refinements and improvements, largely focused on engine power and refinement.
  • Notable Changes: The 1928 National AC International had slight styling tweaks. Engine refinements aimed at improving fuel economy and reliability.

Reliability & Common Issues

As a vehicle nearly a century old, discussing reliability in the context of a Chevrolet National requires acknowledging the realities of antique car ownership. Parts availability, the age of the components, and the generally simpler technology all contribute to unique considerations. However, certain issues were more common than others, even when these cars were relatively new.

Engine

  • Valve Train Wear: The inline four-cylinder engine, while relatively simple, is prone to valve train wear. Regular adjustment of the valves is crucial. Lack of maintenance can lead to decreased performance and eventual engine damage.
  • Cooling System Issues: The original cooling systems can be inefficient. Overheating is a significant concern, especially when driven in warmer climates or at sustained speeds. Radiator clogging and water pump failures are common issues to inspect.
  • Fuel System: Carburetor issues are to be expected. The original carburetors can be finicky and require regular cleaning and adjustment. Sediment buildup in the fuel tank and lines is another common problem.

Transmission & Drivetrain

  • Manual Transmission Wear: The three-speed manual transmission is generally robust, but wear and tear on the gears and synchronizers are inevitable. Grinding or difficulty shifting are signs of potential problems.
  • Rear Axle: Inspect for leaks and unusual noises. The semi-floating rear axle can suffer from worn bearings and seals.

Chassis & Body

  • Frame Rust: Given the age of the vehicle, rust in the frame is a major concern. Carefully inspect the frame rails for signs of corrosion, especially in areas prone to moisture accumulation.
  • Wood Rot (Body): Many of the body panels are supported by wooden structures. Rotting wood can compromise the structural integrity of the body and lead to panel misalignment and squeaks.
  • Electrical System: The original electrical systems are rudimentary and can be unreliable. Wiring can become brittle and corroded, leading to shorts and other electrical problems. Rewiring with modern components is a common upgrade.

Driving Experience

Driving a Chevrolet National is a truly unique experience, offering a glimpse into the past and a stark contrast to modern automobiles. It's important to approach it with realistic expectations.

Pros

  • Historical Significance: Owning and driving a National connects you to a pivotal era in automotive history.
  • Simplicity: The straightforward mechanical design makes it relatively easy to understand and work on (for those with mechanical aptitude).
  • Classic Styling: The National's styling evokes a distinct Art Deco-era charm.
  • Community: The antique car community is passionate and supportive, providing a valuable resource for knowledge, parts, and advice.

Cons

  • Performance: Performance is limited compared to modern vehicles. Acceleration is slow, and high speeds are not recommended.
  • Handling: The handling is primitive. Steering is heavy and lacks precision. The suspension is bouncy and provides limited comfort.
  • Safety: Safety features are nonexistent. Brakes are mechanical and less effective than modern hydraulic systems.
  • Maintenance: Regular maintenance is essential to keep a National running reliably. Finding parts can be challenging and expensive.

Buying Advice

Purchasing a Chevrolet National is a significant undertaking. Here's some advice to guide you through the process:

What to Look For

  • Complete and Original Car: A complete car, even in need of restoration, is preferable to a heavily modified or incomplete example. Originality adds value and simplifies the restoration process.
  • Solid Frame: A rust-free or minimally rusted frame is crucial. Major frame repairs can be costly and time-consuming.
  • Documented History: Any documentation, such as original sales receipts, maintenance records, or owner history, can add value and provide valuable insights into the car's past.
  • Running Condition (Ideally): While a non-running car may be cheaper initially, the costs of getting it running can quickly add up. A running car allows you to assess the engine and drivetrain condition.

What to Avoid

  • Extensive Rust: Avoid cars with significant rust damage, especially in the frame and body. Rust repair can be expensive and challenging.
  • Heavily Modified Cars: While some modifications may be desirable, heavily modified cars can be difficult to restore to their original condition.
  • Missing Parts: Finding replacement parts for a National can be challenging and expensive. Avoid cars with a significant number of missing parts.
  • "Barn Finds" (Proceed with Caution): While the allure of a "barn find" is strong, these cars often require extensive restoration and can be hiding serious problems. Thorough inspection is essential.

Model Year Considerations

  • 1928 AC International: Many consider this a slightly improved and more desirable model year due to the engine refinements. However, condition is king.
  • 1927 AB National: A perfectly acceptable and generally more affordable option. These can be excellent starting points for restoration.

Pre-Purchase Inspection

Before making a purchase, have the car inspected by a qualified mechanic with experience in antique automobiles. They can identify potential problems and provide an estimate of repair costs. Compression tests, visual inspections of the frame and body, and a thorough check of the mechanical components are essential.

Resources

Join a Chevrolet club or antique car organization. These groups provide valuable resources, including technical information, parts sources, and opportunities to connect with other enthusiasts.

Purchasing a Chevrolet National is an investment in history. With careful research, a thorough inspection, and a realistic understanding of the challenges and rewards of antique car ownership, you can enjoy the unique experience of driving a piece of automotive heritage.

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