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The Dodge 400: A Comprehensive Guide

1. Introduction

The Dodge 400 was a mid-size coupe and convertible produced by Chrysler Corporation under the Dodge brand from 1981 to 1983. Introduced as a luxury variant of the Aries K platform, the 400 aimed to offer a more upscale experience compared to its Aries sibling, while still retaining the fuel efficiency and affordability that defined the K-car family. It slotted into the market as a personal luxury car, targeting buyers who desired a stylish, comfortable, and relatively economical vehicle.

The model was intended to compete with other domestic personal luxury coupes of the era such as the Ford Thunderbird and Chevrolet Monte Carlo, though in a significantly smaller and more fuel-efficient package. Its production run was relatively short, lasting only three model years, after which it was largely succeeded by the similar, but slightly redesigned, Dodge 600.

2. Generations

The Dodge 400 only had one generation, but underwent minor changes during its production run:

1981-1983: First Generation (AA Body)

1981: Initial release as a coupe. Available engines included the 2.2L I4 and the 2.6L Mitsubishi 'Silent Shaft' I4.

1982: Introduction of the convertible model mid-year. Appearance package options became available.

1983: Minimal changes from the previous year. This was the final year of production for the Dodge 400 nameplate. The car was re-badged as the Dodge 600 ES for the 1984 model year.

3. Reliability & Common Issues

The Dodge 400, being based on the K-car platform, shares many of its strengths and weaknesses. Overall reliability is acceptable for its age, but potential buyers should be aware of the following common issues:

Engine Issues

2.2L Chrysler I4: Prone to head gasket failures and oil leaks, especially in older models. Valve guide wear can also be a concern. Carbureted versions can suffer from fuel delivery problems and require careful tuning. Electronic fuel injection (EFI), introduced later, improved reliability.

2.6L Mitsubishi 'Silent Shaft' I4: This engine is known for its balance shafts, which, if the drive belt breaks, can cause significant internal damage. Oil leaks are also common. Proper maintenance of the balance shaft system is crucial.

Transmission Issues

A413 Automatic Transmission: Generally reliable if properly maintained, but can suffer from wear in the valve body, leading to shifting problems. Fluid leaks are also a common issue.

Manual Transmissions: (Available only in specific years) The manual gearboxes are reasonably robust, but check for worn synchros, particularly in 2nd and 3rd gears.

Electrical Issues

Wiring Harness Degradation: Common in vehicles of this age. Expect brittle wiring, corroded connectors, and potential shorts.

Electronic Control Unit (ECU) Problems: The ECU controls various engine functions. Failures can lead to a variety of performance issues.

Body and Interior Issues

Rust: Rust is a significant concern, especially in areas with harsh winters. Check the floors, rocker panels, quarter panels, and around the windshield and rear window.

Convertible Top: (Convertible Models Only) The convertible top mechanism can become worn or damaged. Check for tears, leaks, and proper operation.

Interior Wear: Expect worn seats, cracked dashboards, and faded trim. Finding replacement parts can be challenging.

Suspension and Brakes

Suspension Component Wear: Ball joints, tie rod ends, and bushings are likely to be worn in vehicles of this age.

Brake System: The braking system is adequate but not exceptional. Inspect brake lines for corrosion and ensure the brakes are functioning properly.

4. Driving Experience

The Dodge 400 provides a driving experience typical of early 1980s American cars. It prioritizes comfort over sporty handling. While not a performance car, it offers reasonable acceleration for its time, especially with the 2.6L engine. The steering is light and responsive enough, but lacks modern precision. The suspension is soft and absorbs bumps well, providing a comfortable ride, especially on long journeys. The convertible model adds an element of open-air enjoyment, though wind noise can be significant at higher speeds.

Pros:

Comfortable ride

Reasonable fuel economy (for its era)

Convertible option offers open-air enjoyment

Simple mechanicals make it relatively easy to work on (assuming parts are available)

Cons:

Age-related reliability issues

Rust susceptibility

Underpowered performance by modern standards

Parts availability can be a challenge

Handling is not particularly sporty

5. Buying Advice

If you're considering purchasing a Dodge 400, keep the following in mind:

What to Look For:

Rust-Free Examples: Prioritize finding a car with minimal rust, as bodywork can be expensive and difficult.

Well-Maintained Examples: Look for cars that have been regularly serviced, with documented maintenance records.

2.2L EFI Engine (Later Models): If possible, opt for a later model with electronic fuel injection, as it offers improved reliability and fuel efficiency compared to the carbureted versions.

Convertibles in Good Condition: If you're interested in a convertible, carefully inspect the top for tears, leaks, and proper operation.

What to Avoid:

Severely Rusted Vehicles: Avoid cars with significant rust damage, as repairs can be costly and time-consuming.

Neglected Examples: Steer clear of cars that have been poorly maintained or left sitting for extended periods.

Extensive Modifications: Unless you know what you're doing, avoid cars with significant modifications, as they can introduce reliability issues.

Model Year Considerations:

1983 Models: While mechanically similar to earlier years, the 1983 models benefited from some minor improvements and refinements.

Overall:

The Dodge 400 can be an enjoyable classic car, but it requires careful inspection and a willingness to perform maintenance and repairs. Be prepared to spend time and effort finding the right car and keeping it in good running condition. Factor in the cost and availability of parts before making a purchase.
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