The Dodge B-Series/Ram Van: A Comprehensive Guide
Introduction: A Workhorse of American Roads
The Dodge B-Series van, also known as the Ram Van after 1981, is a line of full-size vans that were produced by Chrysler Corporation from 1970 to 2003. Conceived as a direct competitor to the Ford Econoline and Chevrolet Van/GMC Vandura, the B-Series quickly established itself as a reliable and versatile platform for commercial and personal use. Throughout its long production run, the B-Series offered a vast array of configurations, including cargo vans, passenger vans (Wagon), and chassis cabs for various upfitting applications (RV conversions, ambulances, etc.). Known for their robust build quality, straightforward mechanicals, and ample interior space, B-Series vans became staples on American roads, serving businesses, families, and tradespeople alike. Although production ceased in 2003, the B-Series/Ram Van remains a popular choice in the used market, appreciated for its affordability and ease of maintenance.
Generations: A Timeline of Evolution
- First Generation (1971-1977):
The inaugural B-Series vans featured a distinctive unibody construction and a short, sloping hood. Engine options included inline-six and V8 engines. A notable design feature was the "uni-frame" construction, a hybrid of unibody and body-on-frame, which offered increased strength and rigidity. Key changes during this period were primarily related to trim levels and minor styling updates.
- Second Generation (1978-1993):
A major redesign brought a longer hood and a more conventional appearance. This generation retained the unibody construction but received significant improvements in chassis and suspension design for improved ride and handling. Engine options expanded and evolved, with various inline-six and V8 engines offered throughout the years, including the venerable 318 and 360 cubic inch V8s. The Ram Van name was adopted in 1981. Notable changes included a revised front grille and headlight design in the late 1980s and the introduction of fuel injection.
- Third Generation (1994-2003):
The final generation of the B-Series featured a more aerodynamic design and updated interior. Powertrain options were refined, with multi-port fuel injection becoming standard on all engines. The 3.9L V6, 5.2L V8 (318), and 5.9L V8 (360) were the mainstay engine choices. Safety features were enhanced, including the addition of driver-side airbags. This generation saw a greater emphasis on comfort and convenience features, particularly in passenger van configurations.
Reliability & Common Issues: Under the Skin
The Dodge B-Series/Ram Van is generally considered to be a reliable vehicle, particularly due to its relatively simple and robust mechanical design. However, like any vehicle, it has its share of potential issues:
Engine Issues:
- "LA" Series V8 Engines (318 & 360): These engines are generally very reliable but can suffer from oil leaks, particularly around the valve covers and intake manifold. Carbon buildup in the throttle body can also cause rough idling. The older carburetor versions can be prone to fuel system issues if not properly maintained.
- 3.9L V6: A smaller and less powerful option, the 3.9L V6 is generally reliable but can experience issues with the distributor and ignition system.
- Cooling System: Overheating can be a problem, especially in older models. Regular maintenance, including flushing the coolant and replacing the thermostat, is crucial. Check for leaks in the radiator, hoses, and water pump.
Transmission Issues:
- Automatic Transmissions (TorqueFlite): The A727 and later automatic transmissions used in the B-Series are generally durable, but can experience slipping or harsh shifting if not properly maintained. Regular fluid changes are essential. Overdrive transmissions, introduced later, may have more complex issues.
Suspension & Steering:
- Front Suspension: The front suspension can be prone to wear, especially the ball joints and tie rod ends. Regular inspection and replacement are recommended.
- Steering Gearbox: The steering gearbox can develop leaks and play over time.
Body & Electrical:
- Rust: Rust is a significant concern, particularly in areas with harsh winters. Check the floors, rocker panels, wheel wells, and frame rails for rust.
- Electrical Issues: Older vans can suffer from electrical problems, such as faulty wiring and failing sensors.
- Door Hinges: The heavy sliding side doors can put stress on the hinges, leading to sagging or difficulty opening and closing.
Driving Experience: A Mixed Bag
The driving experience of a Dodge B-Series/Ram Van is very much what you would expect from a full-size, body-on-frame vehicle. It's not sporty, but it's practical and functional.
Pros:
- Spacious Interior: Ample room for passengers and cargo.
- Robust and Durable: Built to withstand heavy use.
- Simple Mechanicals: Relatively easy to maintain and repair.
- Affordable: Used models are generally inexpensive.
- Versatile: Suitable for a wide range of applications.
Cons:
- Poor Fuel Economy: Expect low MPG, especially with V8 engines.
- Bulky Handling: Not the most agile vehicle.
- Limited Safety Features: Older models lack modern safety technology.
- Ride Quality: Can be rough, especially on older models.
- Rust Prone: Susceptible to rust, especially in certain climates.
Buying Advice: Finding the Right Van
When shopping for a used Dodge B-Series/Ram Van, consider the following:
Years to Look For:
- 1998-2003: These are generally considered the most desirable years, as they offer the most refined features, including multi-port fuel injection and improved safety.
Years to Avoid (Potentially):
- Early Models (1971-1977): While historically interesting, these models lack modern safety features and can be more challenging to find parts for.
Key Considerations:
- Purpose: Determine how you will use the van. Cargo vans are suitable for work, while passenger vans are better for families. Converted RVs can offer a unique travel experience.
- Engine Choice: The 318 and 360 V8 engines are generally the most reliable and offer ample power. The 3.9L V6 is more fuel-efficient but less powerful.
- Rust Inspection: Thoroughly inspect the van for rust, paying close attention to the floors, rocker panels, wheel wells, and frame rails.
- Mechanical Condition: Have a mechanic inspect the van before you buy it, paying particular attention to the engine, transmission, suspension, and brakes.
- Maintenance Records: Ask for maintenance records to get an idea of how well the van has been cared for.
- Title Check: Run a vehicle history report to check for accidents, salvage titles, and other potential problems.
- Price: Compare prices of similar vans in your area to ensure you're getting a fair deal.
By carefully considering these factors, you can increase your chances of finding a Dodge B-Series/Ram Van that will provide years of reliable service.
```