Ford Ford Tempo | History, Reliability & Buying Guide

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Ford Tempo: A Comprehensive Guide

The Ford Tempo was a compact car manufactured by Ford from 1984 to 1994. Introduced as a replacement for the Ford Fairmont, the Tempo aimed to modernize Ford's compact offerings with a focus on aerodynamics and fuel efficiency. Falling squarely into the compact car segment, it competed directly with models like the Chevrolet Cavalier, Dodge Aries, and Toyota Corolla. It was sold alongside its Mercury twin, the Topaz, which offered slightly more upscale styling and features.

Generations

First Generation (1984-1987)

The first generation Tempo marked a significant design departure for Ford. Its aerodynamic styling was a key selling point, contributing to improved fuel economy. Key features and changes include:

Introduction: Launched in 1984 with 2-door coupe and 4-door sedan body styles.
Engines: Initially offered with a 2.3L HSC (High Swirl Combustion) four-cylinder engine. A Mazda-sourced 2.0L diesel engine was also available for a short period (1984-1986) but proved unpopular due to reliability concerns and limited power.
Transmissions: Available with a 4-speed manual, 5-speed manual, and a 3-speed automatic transmission.
Styling Updates: Minor trim and grille changes throughout the generation.
All-Wheel Drive: An all-wheel-drive (AWD) option was introduced in 1985, making the Tempo one of the few compact cars of its time to offer this feature.

Second Generation (1988-1994)

The second-generation Tempo received a significant facelift, addressing some of the criticisms of the original design. Key changes include:

Exterior Redesign: More rounded styling, new headlights, taillights, and grille. The overall look was more modern and less boxy than the first generation.
Interior Improvements: Updated dashboard, improved materials, and revised seat designs aimed at enhancing comfort.
Engine Upgrades: The 2.3L HSC engine was refined, offering slightly more power and improved fuel economy. In 1992, a new 3.0L Vulcan V6 engine became available, providing a significant boost in performance.
Transmission Improvements: The 3-speed automatic was replaced with a more efficient 4-speed automatic in later years.
Safety Enhancements: Driver-side airbags became standard in 1992. Anti-lock brakes (ABS) were available as an option.

Reliability & Common Issues

The Ford Tempo, while generally reliable for its time, is not without its common issues. Understanding these problems is crucial when considering purchasing a used model:

Engine Issues:

2.3L HSC Engine: This engine, while durable, is known for oil leaks, particularly around the valve cover and rear main seal. Carbon buildup can also lead to rough idling and reduced performance. The HSC design, while promoting fuel efficiency, was not known for its power output.
3.0L Vulcan V6 Engine (1992-1994): A generally robust engine, but susceptible to intake manifold gasket leaks, which can cause coolant loss and overheating. Check for coolant smell and milky residue in the oil.
Diesel Engine (1984-1986): Avoid models equipped with the Mazda-sourced diesel engine. These engines suffered from reliability problems and parts are extremely difficult to find.

Transmission Issues:

Automatic Transmissions: The early 3-speed automatic transmissions were not particularly robust and are prone to slippage and hard shifting, especially at higher mileage. The 4-speed automatic introduced later in the second generation is generally more reliable.
Manual Transmissions: Generally more reliable than the automatics, but check for clutch wear and smooth shifting between gears.

Electrical Issues:

Charging System: Alternator failures are relatively common.
Sensor Failures: The Tempo relies on various sensors (e.g., oxygen sensor, mass airflow sensor) for optimal engine performance. Faulty sensors can lead to poor fuel economy and driveability issues.
Power Windows and Locks: Prone to failure, especially in older models.

Other Common Issues:

Rust: Especially in areas with harsh winters and road salt usage. Check the undercarriage, rocker panels, and wheel wells carefully.
Suspension: Worn suspension components (struts, ball joints, tie rod ends) can lead to poor handling and ride quality.
Brakes: Brake lines can rust and leak, leading to reduced braking performance. Check for leaks and spongy brake pedal feel.

Driving Experience

The Ford Tempo offered a comfortable, if somewhat uninspiring, driving experience. Its main strengths and weaknesses include:

Pros:

Fuel Efficiency: The 2.3L HSC engine provided decent fuel economy for its time, especially in the early models.
Comfort: The Tempo offered a comfortable ride, especially on long trips. The seats were generally well-padded.
Spacious Interior: The interior was relatively spacious for a compact car, providing ample room for passengers and cargo.
Available All-Wheel Drive: The AWD option (1985 onwards) provided enhanced traction and stability in inclement weather.

Cons:

Performance: The 2.3L HSC engine lacked power, especially when fully loaded. Acceleration was sluggish. The V6 offered a much-needed performance upgrade but came later in the production run.
Handling: The Tempo's handling was not particularly sporty. It tended to exhibit body roll in corners.
Styling (First Generation): The original styling was considered by some to be bland and uninspired. The second-generation facelift improved the car's appearance considerably.
Reliability (Early Models): Early models (1984-1987) suffered from more reliability issues than later versions.

Buying Advice

If you're considering purchasing a used Ford Tempo, here's some advice to help you make an informed decision:

Years to Look For:

1992-1994 (with 3.0L V6): These models offer the best combination of performance, reliability, and safety features (driver-side airbag). The 4-speed automatic transmission is also more robust in these years.
1990-1991 (Second Generation with 2.3L HSC): If you're looking for a more affordable option and don't prioritize performance, these models offer improved reliability compared to the first generation.

Years to Avoid:

1984-1986 (Diesel Engine): Avoid models equipped with the diesel engine due to poor reliability and difficulty finding parts.
Early First-Generation Models (1984-1987): These models tend to have more reliability issues and are generally less desirable than later versions.

Key Things to Check:

Rust: Thoroughly inspect the undercarriage, rocker panels, and wheel wells for rust.
Engine: Check for oil leaks, coolant leaks, and signs of overheating. Listen for unusual noises.
Transmission: Test drive the car and check for smooth shifting between gears. Look for signs of slippage or hard shifting.
Brakes: Check brake lines for rust and leaks. Ensure the brake pedal feels firm and responsive.
Electrical System: Test all electrical components, including lights, power windows, and locks.
Maintenance Records: Inquire about the car's maintenance history. A well-maintained Tempo is more likely to be reliable.

The Ford Tempo can be a decent, inexpensive used car, especially if you find a well-maintained later model. However, due to its age, expect to perform some maintenance and repairs. Prioritize models with the 3.0L V6 engine and thoroughly inspect any potential purchase for rust and mechanical issues.

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