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Jaguar Xj S

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Jaguar XJ-S: A Comprehensive Buyer's Guide

Introduction

The Jaguar XJ-S, later known as the XJS, is a luxury grand tourer produced by British manufacturer Jaguar from 1975 to 1996. Conceived as a successor to the iconic E-Type, the XJ-S aimed to offer a more refined, comfortable, and technologically advanced driving experience. While initially met with some skepticism compared to its predecessor, the XJ-S matured into a highly desirable classic, renowned for its effortless performance, luxurious interior, and distinctive styling. Positioned as a high-end grand tourer, it competed with vehicles like the Mercedes-Benz SL-Class and BMW 6-Series.

Generations

  • Series I (1975-1981):
    • Original design featuring the prominent "flying buttress" rear styling.
    • Initially powered by the 5.3L V12 engine.
    • Early models had teething issues with cooling and electrical systems.
    • THM400 automatic transmission initially used.
  • Series II (1981-1991):
    • Significant improvements in build quality and reliability.
    • Introduction of the High-Efficiency (HE) V12 engine, improving fuel economy significantly.
    • Revised interior with improved dashboard and instrumentation.
    • Introduction of the 3.6L AJ6 inline-six engine in 1983.
    • Some markets received a manual transmission option with the six-cylinder engine.
  • XJS (1991-1996):
    • Cosmetic facelift with redesigned rear lights, bumpers, and side sills, resulting in a smoother, more modern appearance.
    • Introduction of the 4.0L AJ6 inline-six engine, further improving performance.
    • Improved interior trim and detailing.
    • Available in coupe, convertible (Convertible), and 2+2 cabriolet (notchback with Targa-style removable roof panels).
    • 4.0L engine replaced by the AJ16 engine in 1994

Reliability & Common Issues

The Jaguar XJ-S, particularly the earlier models, has a reputation for requiring diligent maintenance. However, later models, especially those with the HE V12 or the AJ6/AJ16 inline-six engines, are considerably more reliable. Here's a breakdown of common issues:

V12 Engines (5.3L & HE)

  • Cooling System: V12 engines generate significant heat, making the cooling system a weak point. Watch for leaks in the radiator, hoses, and water pump. Overheating can cause severe engine damage. Upgrading the cooling system with modern components is highly recommended.
  • Fuel System: The Lucas fuel injection system can be prone to issues, including faulty injectors, fuel pressure regulators, and fuel pumps. Ensuring proper fuel pressure and injector function is critical for smooth running.
  • Electrical Issues: Lucas electrics were notorious in the past. Check wiring harnesses for brittle insulation and corrosion, especially in the engine bay. Grounds are also a common source of problems. Pay close attention to the condition of relays and fuses.
  • Oil Leaks: V12 engines are known for oil leaks from various seals and gaskets. Regular monitoring and addressing leaks promptly can prevent more significant problems.
  • HE Specifics: The HE V12 is significantly more reliable than the earlier 5.3L, but still needs attention to cooling and electrics.

Inline-Six Engines (3.6L, 4.0L, AJ16)

  • Cooling System: Similar to the V12, maintaining the cooling system is paramount. The inline-six engines are less prone to overheating but should still be checked regularly.
  • AJ6/AJ16 Timing Chain Tensioner: The original plastic timing chain tensioner can fail, leading to catastrophic engine damage. Replacement with a metal tensioner is strongly advised.
  • Crank Position Sensor: The crank position sensor can fail, causing the engine to stall or not start.
  • Automatic Transmission: The GM400 transmission (early V12s) is robust, but the later ZF4HP22 used with the inline-six can be prone to issues if not properly maintained. Regular fluid changes are essential.

General Issues (All Models)

  • Suspension: The independent rear suspension (IRS) is complex and can require maintenance, especially the differential mounts and rear hub bearings. Listen for clunking noises.
  • Rust: Check for rust, particularly in the sills, floor pans, and around the rear suspension mounting points.
  • Interior: Leather upholstery can crack and fade with age. Wood trim can also delaminate or crack. Ensure all electrical components work correctly, including windows, locks, and climate control.
  • Brakes: The inboard rear brakes on the XJ-S are difficult to service. Check the condition of the calipers and rotors.

Driving Experience

The Jaguar XJ-S offers a unique blend of luxury, performance, and style. Here's what you can expect behind the wheel:

Pros:

  • Effortless Performance: The V12 engine provides smooth, powerful acceleration, making it an ideal grand tourer for long distances. The inline-six engines offer a more engaging and sporting experience.
  • Luxurious Interior: The XJ-S boasts a comfortable and well-appointed interior with leather upholstery, wood trim, and a comprehensive set of features.
  • Smooth Ride: The independent suspension provides a comfortable and refined ride quality, absorbing bumps and road imperfections with ease.
  • Distinctive Styling: The XJ-S has a unique and polarizing design that stands out from the crowd.
  • Relative Affordability: Compared to other grand tourers of its era, the XJ-S can be a more affordable option, making it an attractive choice for enthusiasts.

Cons:

  • Complexity: The XJ-S is a complex car, and maintenance can be challenging and expensive.
  • Reliability (Early Models): Earlier models, especially those with the original 5.3L V12, can be prone to reliability issues.
  • Fuel Economy: The V12 engine is notoriously thirsty. The inline-six engines offer better fuel economy but are still not particularly efficient.
  • Parts Availability: Some parts can be difficult to source and expensive.
  • Weight: The XJ-S is a heavy car, which can affect handling and braking performance.

Buying Advice

Here's some advice to consider when purchasing a Jaguar XJ-S:

Years to Look For:

  • 1987-1991 (HE V12): These models offer the best balance of performance, reliability, and refinement for the V12.
  • 1991-1996 (XJS with 4.0L/AJ16): The facelifted models with the 4.0L inline-six engines are generally considered the most reliable and desirable.

Years to Avoid (or Approach with Caution):

  • 1975-1981 (Series I): These models have the most significant reliability issues and may require extensive restoration.

What to Look For:

  • Maintenance Records: A complete and detailed service history is essential. Look for evidence of regular maintenance, including oil changes, fluid flushes, and cooling system servicing.
  • Rust-Free Example: Inspect the car thoroughly for rust, particularly in the sills, floor pans, and around the rear suspension mounting points.
  • Well-Maintained Interior: Check the condition of the leather upholstery, wood trim, and carpets. Ensure all electrical components work correctly.
  • Smooth Running Engine: The engine should start easily, idle smoothly, and provide strong, consistent performance. Listen for any unusual noises or vibrations.
  • Proper Functioning Transmission: The transmission should shift smoothly and without hesitation.
  • Pre-Purchase Inspection: Have a qualified mechanic familiar with Jaguar XJ-S models perform a pre-purchase inspection to identify any potential issues.
  • Convertible Top: For convertibles, check the condition of the soft top, ensuring it is free from tears and operates smoothly.

Final Thoughts:

The Jaguar XJ-S is a rewarding classic car that offers a unique driving experience. However, it's essential to do your research, find a well-maintained example, and be prepared for ongoing maintenance. With proper care, the XJ-S can provide years of enjoyment and become a cherished part of your collection.

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