Lincoln Versailles: A Comprehensive Guide
The Lincoln Versailles, produced by Ford Motor Company from 1977 to 1980, holds a controversial place in automotive history. Intended to compete with European luxury sedans like the Mercedes-Benz 280E and BMW 5 Series, the Versailles was Lincoln's first attempt at a smaller, more fuel-efficient luxury car. It was based heavily on the Ford Granada/Mercury Monarch platform, a decision that ultimately led to its downfall in the eyes of many consumers.
A Brief History
During the mid-1970s, the American car market was shifting due to rising fuel prices and increasing import sales. Lincoln, known for its large and opulent cars, needed a smaller offering to attract buyers seeking more fuel efficiency and maneuverability without sacrificing luxury. The Versailles was the answer, but its rushed development and perceived badge engineering ultimately hindered its success.
Despite its shortcomings, the Versailles introduced several features that would later become commonplace in the automotive industry, most notably four-wheel disc brakes and clearcoat paint, both standard on the Versailles. It also featured a high level of standard luxury equipment for the time.
Generations
The Lincoln Versailles only had one generation, produced over a short four-year span.
- 1977-1980: First and Only Generation
- 1977: Introduction year. Featured a unique grille and taillight design to differentiate it from the Granada/Monarch. Standard features included leather seats, power windows, power locks, air conditioning, and a premium sound system. Engine choices consisted solely of a 302 cubic inch (5.0L) V8 engine.
- 1978: Minor trim changes and adjustments to standard equipment. A rear sway bar was added.
- 1979: Slight restyling to the grille and taillights. A higher torque 351 Windsor V8 became optional.
- 1980: The final year of production. Offered only a few minor changes before it was discontinued and replaced by the Lincoln Continental.
Reliability & Common Issues
The Versailles's reputation suffers greatly from its Granada/Monarch roots. While the mechanicals were generally robust, several issues commonly arose:
- Rust: Like many cars of this era, rust is a major concern. Check the lower body panels, around the wheel wells, and under the car for excessive rust. Particular attention should be paid to the rear leaf spring mounting areas as they are prone to rust and failure.
- Suspension: The front suspension (ball joints, tie rod ends) and rear leaf springs are wear items and can be expensive to repair. Inspect for sagging or broken leaf springs.
- Engine: The 302 V8 is a reliable engine, but it can suffer from oil leaks and valve train noise with age. The 351 Windsor, while offering more power, can also suffer from similar issues. Proper maintenance is key.
- Electrical: Electrical issues, typical for cars of this vintage, can plague the Versailles. Check all the lights, power windows, and other electrical components for proper operation. Vacuum lines can become brittle and crack, affecting engine performance and HVAC operation.
- Emissions Equipment: Early emissions control systems can be problematic and may not be functioning correctly, especially in older vehicles. Be aware that these systems may require specialized knowledge to repair and maintain.
- Brake System: The Versailles was one of the first domestic cars to feature four-wheel disc brakes. While advanced for their time, these systems can be complex and require careful maintenance. Ensure that the brakes are functioning properly and that all components are in good condition. Replacing/rebuilding the brake booster is a common repair.
- Ford 9" Rear End (Positive Traction): While a very strong and desirable rear end, the positive traction (limited slip) unit can wear out over time and may require rebuilding. Listen for clunking or excessive noise from the rear axle during turns.
Driving Experience
The Lincoln Versailles offers a blend of comfort and modest performance. Here's a breakdown:
Pros:
- Comfortable Ride: The Versailles prioritizes a smooth and comfortable ride, making it suitable for cruising.
- Luxurious Interior: The interior is appointed with leather and wood trim, creating a luxurious atmosphere for its time.
- Decent Power: The V8 engines provide adequate power for most driving situations.
- Compact Size: Compared to other Lincolns of the era, the Versailles is more compact and easier to maneuver.
Cons:
- Perception: The Versailles suffers from being seen as a glorified Ford Granada, which detracts from its perceived luxury.
- Handling: While comfortable, the handling is not sporty or precise. Expect significant body roll in corners.
- Fuel Economy: Fuel economy is poor by modern standards, typical of V8-powered cars from the 1970s.
- Parts Availability: Some parts can be difficult to find and may require sourcing from specialized suppliers or aftermarket sources.
Buying Advice
If you're considering buying a Lincoln Versailles, keep these points in mind:
- Condition is Key: Prioritize finding a Versailles in the best possible condition, with minimal rust and well-maintained mechanicals.
- Check for Rust: Thoroughly inspect the car for rust, paying close attention to the areas mentioned earlier.
- Look for Documentation: Maintenance records can provide valuable insight into the car's history and how well it has been cared for.
- Consider the 351 Engine (with caution): While the 302 is reliable, the optional 351 Windsor offers a noticeable performance improvement. However, ensure that it has been properly maintained.
- Factor in Restoration Costs: Be prepared to invest in restoration or repairs, as most Versailles examples are now over 40 years old.
- Price Accordingly: Prices vary widely depending on condition and originality. Be realistic about the car's value and potential costs before making an offer. Understand that "upgrades" like non-period-correct wheels or a poorly installed stereo often detract from value.
- 1979-1980 Models: The 1979 and 1980 models are generally considered slightly more desirable due to their minor styling updates and availability of the optional 351 engine, though the improvements are arguably minimal.
Ultimately, the Lincoln Versailles can be an interesting and unique classic car, but it's crucial to approach a purchase with realistic expectations and a thorough understanding of its potential issues.
```