Back to Porsche
Official AutoWiki Guide

Porsche 550 Spyder

Find Me One
```html

The Porsche 550 Spyder: A Comprehensive Guide

The Porsche 550 Spyder. The name evokes images of speed, agility, and a raw, unfiltered driving experience. More than just a beautiful machine, the 550 Spyder represents a pivotal moment in Porsche's history, solidifying their reputation as a builder of serious sports cars. Introduced in 1953, the 550 Spyder was a purpose-built racing car designed to be lightweight and nimble, excelling in hill climbs and endurance races. It's a mid-engine, two-seat roadster, placing it firmly in the realm of competitive sports prototypes of its era. Its legacy continues to influence Porsche design and engineering philosophy to this day.

Generations

While the 550 Spyder didn't go through traditional "generations" like many mass-produced cars, there were distinct evolutions and variations throughout its production run. Here's a breakdown of key changes:

  • 1953-1956 (Original 550): This represents the initial design. Key features include the hand-formed aluminum body, a space frame chassis, and the sophisticated (for the time) Type 547 four-cam engine designed by Ernst Fuhrmann. Horsepower ranged from 110-135 depending on the tuning and setup.
  • 1956 (550A): Introduced in 1956, the "A" denoted significant improvements. The tubular space frame chassis was redesigned to be lighter and stiffer. The suspension was also refined, leading to improved handling. Small aerodynamic tweaks were made to the body.
  • Race-Specific Variations: Throughout the production run, numerous modifications were made to individual cars for specific races and events. These included variations in bodywork (e.g., adding a small windscreen), engine tuning, and suspension settings. Documenting every single variation is nearly impossible due to the car's use in racing.

Reliability & Common Issues

Owning a Porsche 550 Spyder, or more likely a meticulously crafted replica due to the originals being exceptionally rare and valuable, requires a deep understanding of its mechanics. The complexity of the engine, in particular, demands expertise.

Engine (Type 547 "Fuhrmann Engine"):

  • Four-Cam Complexity: The Type 547 engine is renowned for its complex design featuring four overhead camshafts driven by a network of shafts and gears. This makes it significantly more complex to maintain and repair than simpler engines. Timing is absolutely critical.
  • Oil Leaks: The four-cam engine is notorious for oil leaks, which are difficult to completely eliminate. Regular checks and preventative maintenance are essential.
  • Overheating: Due to the relatively small displacement and high output, overheating can be a problem, especially in warmer climates. Ensuring the cooling system is in perfect working order is paramount.
  • Valve Train Issues: Given the intricate valve train, valve adjustments are frequent and require specialized tools and knowledge. Incorrect adjustments can lead to serious engine damage.

Chassis & Suspension:

  • Space Frame Corrosion: If dealing with an original chassis, rust can be a serious concern, especially in areas prone to moisture. Thorough inspections are crucial.
  • Suspension Component Wear: Bushings, ball joints, and other suspension components wear with use. Regular inspection and replacement of worn parts are vital for maintaining the car's handling characteristics.

Other Considerations:

  • Brakes: Drum brakes are standard on the 550. While adequate for the car's weight, they require more effort and can be prone to fading under heavy use. Modern replicas sometimes upgrade to disc brakes.
  • Electrics: Original 550s used relatively simple electrical systems, but wiring can degrade over time. Maintaining proper grounding and connections is important for reliable operation.
  • Fuel System: The carburetors need to be properly tuned for optimal performance and fuel economy. Fuel lines and pumps should be inspected regularly for leaks.

Driving Experience

Driving a Porsche 550 Spyder, whether it's an original or a well-executed replica, is an experience unlike any other. It's a raw, visceral connection between driver and machine.

Pros:

  • Agility and Handling: The 550 Spyder is incredibly light and nimble, making it a joy to drive on winding roads. The mid-engine layout contributes to excellent balance.
  • Engine Sound: The sound of the four-cam engine is truly unique and captivating. It's a high-revving symphony that encourages spirited driving.
  • Direct Connection: There are no electronic aids to interfere with the driving experience. The steering is direct and responsive, and the car provides immediate feedback.
  • Iconic Design: The 550 Spyder is a beautiful car with timeless design. It's a head-turner wherever it goes.

Cons:

  • Demanding Driving Style: The 550 Spyder requires a skilled and attentive driver. It's not a forgiving car, and mistakes can be costly.
  • Lack of Comfort: The car is spartan and lacks modern amenities. It's not suitable for long-distance touring.
  • Noise: The car is loud inside, especially at higher speeds. The engine noise can be tiring on long drives.
  • Maintenance: As detailed above, maintenance is frequent and requires specialized knowledge.
  • Originals are Unattainable: Original 550 Spyders are incredibly rare and command prices in the millions of dollars, making them inaccessible to most buyers. Therefore, one will be searching for a replica.

Buying Advice

Acquiring a Porsche 550 Spyder is a journey that begins with defining your goals. Are you after an investment-grade original (highly unlikely for most), a track-focused replica, or a road-going recreation? Given the scarcity and value of originals, we'll focus primarily on replicas.

What to Look For (Replicas):

  • Reputable Builder: Research different replica builders and choose one with a proven track record of quality and accuracy. Companies like Beck and Vintage Spyders are highly regarded.
  • Chassis Construction: Pay close attention to the chassis construction. A well-built chassis is essential for handling and safety. Tubular steel space frames are common.
  • Engine Choice: While the original used the four-cam, many replicas utilize more reliable and readily serviceable engines, such as VW Type 1 engines with performance upgrades, or even modern Porsche flat-four engines. Consider the trade-offs between authenticity and practicality.
  • Brakes and Suspension: Inquire about the brake and suspension setup. Upgraded brakes (disc brakes) and modern suspension components can significantly improve the driving experience.
  • Documentation: Request complete documentation, including build receipts, component specifications, and maintenance records.
  • Pre-Purchase Inspection: Have the car thoroughly inspected by a qualified mechanic who is familiar with replicas and the specific components used in its construction.

What to Avoid (Replicas):

  • Poor Build Quality: Avoid replicas with subpar welds, sloppy bodywork, or cheap components.
  • Incomplete Documentation: Lack of documentation can indicate hidden problems or shortcuts taken during the build process.
  • Unrealistic Prices: If the price seems too good to be true, it probably is. Be wary of suspiciously low prices, as they often indicate underlying issues.
  • "Barn Finds" (Replicas): Just because it looks like a 550 doesn't mean it's a good example. Abandoned projects are usually abandoned for a reason.

Years to Look For (Replica Build Dates):

Focus less on the theoretical "year" of a replica (since it's not a factory-produced car) and more on the quality and age of the build itself. Newer builds often incorporate improvements in materials and construction techniques. However, older, well-maintained replicas can also be excellent choices.

Ultimately, buying a Porsche 550 Spyder replica is a matter of careful research, due diligence, and finding a car that meets your specific needs and budget. It's an investment in a unique and rewarding driving experience, but one that requires knowledge and commitment.

```