Toyota MR2: The Enthusiast's Guide
The Toyota MR2, an acronym for "Midship Runabout 2-seater," is a series of mid-engined, two-seat sports cars manufactured by Toyota from 1984 to 2007 (in Japan). Conceived as a small, economical, and fun-to-drive sports car, the MR2 offered exceptional handling characteristics due to its mid-engine layout, a rarity in its price range. It carved a niche for itself as a distinctive alternative to front-engine, rear-wheel-drive sports cars like the Mazda Miata and became a beloved cult classic among automotive enthusiasts.
Generations of the Toyota MR2
First Generation (W10: 1984-1989)
The first generation MR2, internally designated AW11 (North American market code AW11L), was a lightweight and nimble sports car. It featured a transversely mounted 1.6-liter 4A-GE inline-four engine, known for its rev-happy nature and reliability. Key changes during this generation included:
- 1984-1986: The original naturally aspirated 4A-GE engine, producing around 112 hp (depending on market). Characterized by its pop-up headlights and a distinct angular design.
- 1987-1989: Minor cosmetic revisions including updated taillights and front fascia. A supercharged version of the 4A-GE engine (4A-GZE) was introduced in select markets, significantly boosting power to around 145 hp. This version also included an intercooler.
Second Generation (W20: 1990-1999)
The second generation MR2, designated SW20, represented a significant design departure. It featured a more rounded and aerodynamic shape, often drawing comparisons to the Ferrari 348. Engine options included a naturally aspirated 2.0-liter 3S-GE and a turbocharged 2.0-liter 3S-GTE, both inline-four engines. This generation saw significant performance improvements over the first generation.
- 1990-1992 (Revision 1): Known for its "snap oversteer" tendencies in the hands of inexperienced drivers, due to suspension geometry. Featured the 3S-GE (130-158hp) and 3S-GTE (200-225hp depending on market).
- 1993-1995 (Revision 2): Significant suspension revisions to improve handling and reduce the risk of snap oversteer. Brake rotors were also enlarged. Power output for both engines remained similar.
- 1996-1999 (Revision 3): Further refinements to suspension and handling. Minor cosmetic changes included updated taillights and a revised rear spoiler. The 3S-GTE engine received a slight power increase in some markets. The Japanese Domestic Market (JDM) models often featured even more desirable cosmetic upgrades.
Third Generation (W30: 2000-2007)
The third generation MR2, known as the MR2 Spyder in North America, Roadster in Europe, and MR-S in Japan (ZZW30), marked a return to a lighter, more minimalist approach. It was only available as a convertible and featured a naturally aspirated 1.8-liter 1ZZ-FE inline-four engine. This generation focused on handling and driving enjoyment over outright power.
- 2000-2002: Early models. Some reports of pre-cat failures leading to engine damage.
- 2003-2005: Revised ECU programming and a larger pre-cat design to address the pre-cat failure issue. Interior updates included improved seats.
- 2006-2007: Minor cosmetic changes. Production ceased in 2007.
Reliability & Common Issues
First Generation (AW11):
- Rust: A significant concern, especially in areas with road salt. Check frame rails, rocker panels, and wheel arches.
- 4A-GE Reliability: Generally reliable, but oil leaks are common. Check the condition of the timing belt and water pump. Valve clearances should be checked regularly.
- Supercharger (4A-GZE): Supercharger bearings can wear out, leading to noise and reduced performance.
- T-Tops (If equipped): Can leak.
Second Generation (SW20):
- Rust: Similar to the AW11, rust is a major concern.
- 3S-GE/3S-GTE Reliability: Both engines are generally robust. The 3S-GTE requires more diligent maintenance due to the added complexity of the turbocharger.
- Turbocharger (3S-GTE): Check for signs of turbocharger wear, such as oil leaks, excessive play in the turbine shaft, and smoking.
- Snap Oversteer (Early Models): The 1990-1992 models are notorious for this. Ensure any modifications have been done correctly and consider upgrading the suspension.
- Oil Leaks: Valve cover gaskets, distributor o-ring (for pre-1996 models), and rear main seal are common leak points.
- Transmission Issues: Synchros can wear out, especially in the higher gears.
Third Generation (ZZW30):
- Pre-Cat Failure: The catalytic converters located in the exhaust manifold can disintegrate and get sucked back into the engine, causing significant damage. This is a major issue for early models. Replacing the exhaust manifold with an aftermarket header that eliminates the pre-cats is a common solution.
- Oil Consumption: The 1ZZ-FE engine is known for consuming oil, especially at higher mileage. Regularly check the oil level.
- Soft Top Wear: The convertible top can wear out and leak, especially around the seams.
- Shift Linkage: The shift linkage can become sloppy over time, making it difficult to shift smoothly. Replacing the bushings can often resolve this issue.
Driving Experience
First Generation (AW11):
The AW11 offers a raw and engaging driving experience. Its lightweight construction and mid-engine layout provide excellent handling and a fun, tossable feel. The naturally aspirated 4A-GE is a rev-happy engine that encourages spirited driving. The steering is direct and responsive, providing excellent feedback.
- Pros: Lightweight, excellent handling, responsive engine, iconic design.
- Cons: Limited power (in naturally aspirated form), can be prone to rust, cramped interior.
Second Generation (SW20):
The SW20 is a more refined and powerful sports car than its predecessor. The turbocharged 3S-GTE offers significantly more performance, while the naturally aspirated 3S-GE provides a good balance of power and fuel economy. The handling is sharp and precise, but early models can be tricky to master due to their snap oversteer tendencies. Later revisions address this issue with improved suspension geometry.
- Pros: More power and refinement than the AW11, excellent handling (especially post-1992 models), stylish design.
- Cons: Can be prone to snap oversteer (early models), can be more expensive to maintain than the AW11, potential for turbocharger issues.
Third Generation (ZZW30):
The ZZW30 focuses on providing a pure and unadulterated driving experience. Its lightweight construction, mid-engine layout, and lack of a roof create a visceral connection with the road. The 1ZZ-FE engine is not as powerful as the engines in previous generations, but it is still capable and provides adequate performance for spirited driving. The handling is nimble and responsive, making it a joy to drive on twisty roads.
- Pros: Lightweight, excellent handling, open-air driving experience, relatively affordable.
- Cons: Lower power output than previous generations, potential for pre-cat failure and oil consumption, limited storage space.
Buying Advice
First Generation (AW11):
Look for the latest model year (1989) if possible, as these often have the most desirable features. Rust is a major concern, so thoroughly inspect the car before purchasing. The supercharged models (4A-GZE) offer significantly more performance, but they are also more rare and potentially more expensive to maintain. Budget for potential rust repairs and engine maintenance.
- Years to Look For: 1987-1989 (Supercharged models are desirable).
- Years to Avoid: None in particular, but prioritize rust-free examples.
Second Generation (SW20):
The 1993-1995 (Revision 2) and 1996-1999 (Revision 3) models are generally considered to be the most desirable due to their improved handling characteristics. The turbocharged models (3S-GTE) offer significantly more power, but they are also more expensive to purchase and maintain. Pay close attention to the condition of the turbocharger. Inspect for rust, especially in areas prone to corrosion.
- Years to Look For: 1993-1999 (Revision 2 and Revision 3 models).
- Years to Avoid: 1990-1992 (Revision 1) unless you are experienced with oversteer and plan to upgrade the suspension.
Third Generation (ZZW30):
The 2003-2005 and 2006-2007 models are generally considered to be the most reliable due to the improved pre-cat design. Check for signs of oil consumption and listen for any unusual noises from the engine. Inspect the soft top for wear and leaks. Consider replacing the exhaust manifold with an aftermarket header to eliminate the pre-cats and prevent potential engine damage.
- Years to Look For: 2003-2007 (Improved pre-cat design).
- Years to Avoid: 2000-2002 (Higher risk of pre-cat failure).