Volvo 740: A Comprehensive Guide
The Volvo 740, produced from 1984 to 1992, is a mid-size luxury car that cemented Volvo's reputation for safety, reliability, and practicality. Intended as a successor to the popular 240 series, it offered a more modern design and a wider range of features while retaining the robust construction that Volvo was known for. Classified as an executive car or large family car, the 740 provided a spacious interior, a comfortable ride, and a level of build quality that made it a popular choice for families and discerning drivers alike.
Generations & Key Changes
First Generation (1984-1992)
- 1984: Introduction of the 740 GL and GLE models, initially available as a sedan. These models typically featured the B230F engine (2.3-liter inline-four).
- 1985: Introduction of the 740 Turbo, offering increased performance with a turbocharged engine. The 740 Turbo shared a similar exterior design to the base models, but featured more powerful engines and subtle visual cues, such as Turbo badging.
- 1986: Introduction of the 740 Estate (wagon) version, offering exceptional cargo capacity. The wagon became incredibly popular and cemented Volvo's reputation for practical and stylish estates.
- 1988: Minor facelift including revised headlights and taillights. Interior changes were also made, improving ergonomics and aesthetics.
- 1990: Introduction of the 760 as a more luxurious version with upgraded trim and features. While sharing a similar platform, the 760 aimed to compete in a slightly higher market segment.
- 1991: Introduction of the 940, which was essentially a refined version of the 740, eventually replacing it.
- 1992: Final year of 740 production.
Reliability & Common Issues
The Volvo 740 is generally considered a very reliable car, particularly when properly maintained. However, like any vehicle of its age, it's prone to certain issues. Understanding these potential problems can help you make an informed purchasing decision and properly maintain your 740.
Engine (B230F/B230FT)
- B230F/B230FT Issues: These engines are very robust, but problems can arise with the distributor cap, rotor, spark plugs and wires over time, leading to misfires and rough running. The fuel injection system (Bosch LH-Jetronic) is generally reliable, but can suffer from issues with the fuel pump relay, fuel injectors, and mass airflow sensor (MAF).
- Oil Leaks: Oil leaks are common, especially from the rear main seal, valve cover gasket, and oil pan gasket. Regular oil changes are crucial to prevent sludge buildup and premature wear.
- Turbocharger (B230FT): The turbocharger in the 740 Turbo can be prone to failure, especially if oil changes are neglected. Look for signs of excessive oil consumption or whining noises from the turbo.
- Timing Belt: Despite being an interference engine, the B230 series of engines are very robust, with bent valves being rare. However, regular timing belt replacement is absolutely necessary (every 50,000-60,000 miles) to prevent catastrophic engine damage.
Transmission
- Automatic Transmissions: The automatic transmissions (usually Aisin-Warner AW70/71) are generally reliable but can develop slipping or harsh shifting with age and lack of maintenance. Regular fluid changes are essential. Check for smooth shifting throughout all gears during a test drive.
- Manual Transmissions: The manual transmissions (M46 with overdrive, M47) are robust but the overdrive unit on the M46 can sometimes fail.
Suspension & Brakes
- Suspension: The suspension is generally durable, but worn-out shocks, struts, and bushings can lead to a bouncy ride and poor handling. Check for worn ball joints and tie rod ends. The rear suspension uses a Nivomat self-leveling system on some models which can be expensive to replace if it fails. Standard shocks and springs are an alternative.
- Brakes: The brake system is generally reliable, but check for worn brake pads, rotors, and brake lines. The ABS system, if equipped, can sometimes develop issues with the sensors or pump.
Electrical System
- Wiring: Age-related wiring degradation can be a problem, leading to electrical gremlins. Check for brittle or cracked wiring, especially under the hood.
- Grounding Points: Corrosion at grounding points can cause electrical issues. Clean and inspect these points regularly.
- Relays: Relays can fail over time, causing various electrical problems.
Body & Interior
- Rust: Check for rust, especially in the lower body panels, wheel arches, and undercarriage. Rust is a significant concern in colder climates where salt is used on the roads.
- Interior: The interior is generally durable, but the upholstery can wear over time. Check for cracks in the dashboard and wear on the seats. The heating and air conditioning systems can also develop issues.
Driving Experience
The Volvo 740 offers a comfortable and composed driving experience, prioritizing safety and practicality over outright performance (except in the Turbo models). The ride is generally smooth and well-damped, making it a comfortable car for long journeys. The steering is relatively light and provides decent feedback. The B230F engine provides adequate power for everyday driving, while the B230FT engine delivers a noticeable boost in performance. The 740 is not a sports car, but it's a capable and reliable vehicle that can handle a variety of driving conditions.
Pros:
- Reliability: Known for its robust construction and durable mechanical components.
- Safety: Volvo's commitment to safety is evident in the 740's design and features.
- Practicality: The estate (wagon) version offers exceptional cargo capacity.
- Comfort: The ride is smooth and comfortable, making it suitable for long journeys.
- Simplicity: Relatively easy to work on, making it a good choice for DIY mechanics.
Cons:
- Performance (Non-Turbo): The B230F engine can feel underpowered, especially when fully loaded.
- Age-Related Issues: As a classic car, it's prone to age-related issues such as rust, wiring degradation, and worn-out components.
- Fuel Economy: Fuel economy is not a strong point, especially with the automatic transmission.
- Availability of Parts: While parts are generally available, some specific components can be difficult to find.
Buying Advice
If you're considering buying a Volvo 740, here's some advice to help you make an informed decision:
Years to Look For:
- 1988-1992: These models benefit from the facelift and improvements made during the later production years.
- 740 Turbo (B230FT): If you're looking for more performance, the 740 Turbo is a good choice. However, be sure to inspect the turbocharger carefully.
- Well-Maintained Examples: Look for examples that have been well-maintained and have complete service records.
Years to Avoid:
- Severely Rusted Examples: Avoid cars with excessive rust, as rust repair can be costly and time-consuming.
- Cars with Major Mechanical Issues: Avoid cars with obvious mechanical problems, such as engine knocking, transmission slipping, or brake issues.
- Neglected Examples: Avoid cars that have been neglected or abused, as they may require extensive repairs.
Key Things to Inspect:
- Engine: Check for oil leaks, unusual noises, and smooth running.
- Transmission: Check for smooth shifting and proper engagement of all gears.
- Suspension: Check for worn shocks, struts, and bushings.
- Brakes: Check for worn brake pads, rotors, and brake lines.
- Electrical System: Check for brittle or cracked wiring and proper functioning of all electrical components.
- Rust: Check for rust in the lower body panels, wheel arches, and undercarriage.
- Interior: Check for cracks in the dashboard, wear on the seats, and proper functioning of the heating and air conditioning systems.
- Service Records: Review the service records to see how well the car has been maintained.
The Volvo 740 is a classic car that offers a unique blend of reliability, safety, and practicality. With proper care and maintenance, it can provide years of reliable service. By following the advice in this guide, you can find a 740 that meets your needs and budget.
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