Volvo Pv51 57

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The Volvo PV51-57: A Comprehensive Guide

The Volvo PV51-57 series, produced from 1936 (with the PV51) to 1958 (with the PV444 and PV544, its direct descendants), represents a pivotal period in Volvo's history. More than just a car, it signified Volvo's commitment to producing reliable and accessible vehicles for the Swedish and international markets. This guide will delve into the intricacies of this classic Volvo, covering its history, generations, common issues, driving experience, and buying advice.

1. Introduction: A Stepping Stone for Volvo

The PV51-57 range (commonly shortened to PV for "PersonVagn", Swedish for passenger car, along with the number to identify the model) falls into the mid-size or family car class. It was designed as a more affordable and practical alternative to the larger, more luxurious Volvos of the time. Its robust construction, reliable engine, and relatively spacious interior quickly gained popularity, solidifying Volvo's reputation for building dependable vehicles. The series bridged the pre-war and post-war automotive landscape, evolving through design iterations and mechanical improvements to become a cornerstone of Volvo's identity.

2. Generations and Key Changes

While not strictly "generations" in the modern sense, the PV51-57 series saw notable model variations and improvements over its production run. Here's a breakdown:

• PV51 (1936-1937): The original. Distinctive features included a split windshield, separate fenders, and a flathead six-cylinder engine. Considered a "standard" version.
• PV52 (1937-1939): A more luxurious version of the PV51, offering a more refined interior and trim.
• PV53 (1938-1939): Similar to the PV51 but with minor cosmetic updates.
• PV54 (1938-1939): Similar to the PV52 but with minor cosmetic updates.
• PV60 (1946-1950): A larger, more luxurious model based on the pre-war design. This was Volvo’s first post-war passenger car. Although not directly a PV51 derivative it shares the same design language and mechanical heritage.
• PV444 (1947-1958): A completely new design with a unibody construction, a more modern "pontoon" style body, and a smaller four-cylinder engine. Marked a significant departure from the previous models. This model is arguably the most recognizable and desirable of the early PV series cars. It retained some of the PV51's engineering principles of robustness.
• PV544 (1958-1965): A further development of the PV444, featuring a larger rear window, improved suspension, and more powerful engine options. Technically outside the PV51-57 range due to its later production years, but essential to the lineage and often considered alongside the PV444.

3. Reliability & Common Issues

The PV51-57 series is known for its robustness, but age inevitably brings challenges. Understanding common issues is crucial for prospective buyers:

• Engine (Flathead Six & B4B): The original flathead six-cylinder engine (used in the PV51-54) is generally reliable but can suffer from valve seat recession, especially if run on unleaded fuel without additives. The B4B four-cylinder engine in the PV444/544 is also durable but prone to oil leaks as the cars age. Overheating can be an issue with both if the cooling system is not properly maintained. Rebuilding either engine is relatively straightforward but sourcing parts can be challenging.
• Electrical System (6V): The 6-volt electrical system is a common source of problems. Dim headlights, slow starting, and corrosion issues are prevalent. Upgrading to a 12-volt system is a popular modification, but purists often prefer to retain the original setup. Wiring can become brittle and cracked with age, leading to shorts.
• Rust: Like many cars of this era, rust is a major concern, especially in areas with harsh winters. Check thoroughly for rust in the floor pans, rocker panels, wheel wells, and around the window seals. Pay particular attention to the chassis rails, as structural rust can be expensive to repair.
• Suspension & Brakes: The suspension, while robust, can suffer from worn bushings and shock absorbers. The drum brakes, while adequate for the car's performance, require regular maintenance and adjustment. Brake fade can be an issue during prolonged downhill driving. Worn kingpins are a very common issue.
• Carburetor: Solex carburetors were commonly used and require adjustment and cleaning. Weber replacements can sometimes provide improved performance and easier maintenance.
• Parts Availability: While some parts are readily available, others can be difficult and expensive to source. Specialist Volvo parts suppliers are essential.

4. Driving Experience

Driving a PV51-57 is a unique experience that transports you back in time. Here's what to expect:

• Pros:
  • Classic Styling: The PV51-57 series boasts a timeless and elegant design that turns heads wherever it goes.
  • Reliability (when maintained): With proper care, these cars are surprisingly reliable and can be used for regular driving.
  • Simplicity: The mechanical simplicity makes them relatively easy to work on for those with basic mechanical skills.
  • Community: A strong community of enthusiasts provides support and resources.
• Cons:
  • Performance: Performance is modest by modern standards. Expect leisurely acceleration and a top speed that may not be suitable for modern highway driving.
  • Handling: The handling is typical of cars from this era – soft suspension, significant body roll, and slow steering.
  • Comfort: While the interior is relatively spacious, the seats lack modern support, and the ride can be bumpy.
  • Safety: Safety features are minimal compared to modern cars. Seatbelts were not standard on early models.

5. Buying Advice

Purchasing a classic Volvo requires careful consideration. Here's some advice:

• Which Model to Choose?:
  • The PV444 is generally the most desirable and readily available. They represent a good balance of classic styling and improved performance compared to the earlier PV51-54 models.
  • The earlier PV51-54 models are rarer and offer a more authentic pre-war driving experience, but parts availability can be more challenging.
• What to Look For:
  • Rust: Prioritize rust inspection above all else. A solid body is essential.
  • Originality: Originality is important for collectors, but a well-maintained driver is often a better choice for everyday use.
  • Service History: Look for a car with a documented service history, as this indicates that it has been well cared for.
  • Engine Condition: Check for signs of oil leaks, excessive smoke, and unusual noises. Perform a compression test if possible.
  • Modifications: Be wary of extensive modifications, as they may detract from the car's value and reliability.
• What to Avoid:
  • Extensive Rust: Cars with significant rust damage are best avoided unless you are prepared for a major restoration project.
  • Poorly Executed Restorations: Amateur restorations can often hide underlying problems and can be costly to rectify.
  • Missing Parts: Cars with missing or damaged parts can be difficult and expensive to restore.
• Pre-Purchase Inspection: Have the car inspected by a qualified mechanic who is familiar with classic Volvos before making a purchase.
• Pricing: Prices vary widely depending on condition and rarity. Do your research and compare prices before making an offer. Be realistic - a perfect example commands a premium.

The Volvo PV51-57 is more than just a car; it's a piece of automotive history. With careful research and a discerning eye, you can find a well-preserved example that will provide years of enjoyment.

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