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Volvo PV650 Series: A Comprehensive Guide
The Volvo PV650 series represents a significant chapter in Volvo's history, bridging the gap between the early, smaller models and the more modern designs that would define the brand later on. These cars, produced from 1929 to 1937, were Volvo's first foray into the more luxurious, six-cylinder market, aiming to provide a comfortable and reliable alternative to imported American and European cars. They fall into the category of mid-size luxury cars, offering a more spacious and refined driving experience than their four-cylinder predecessors.
Generations
- PV651/652 (1929-1930): The initial models, introduced in April 1929. The PV651 was the standard model, while the PV652 offered a more luxurious interior and trim. Key features included a 3.0-liter inline six-cylinder engine and a robust chassis. These cars were visually characterized by their upright stance and relatively simple styling. Early examples had a more squared-off radiator grille design.
- PV653/654 (1933-1934): A significant update saw the introduction of a new, more streamlined body design. These models featured a sloping radiator grille, integrated headlights (a significant styling advancement), and a more rounded rear end. Mechanically, the engine remained largely the same, but improvements were made to the suspension and braking systems. The PV653 was the standard version, and the PV654 the de Luxe.
- PV658/659 (1935-1937): These were the final iterations of the PV650 series. They featured subtle refinements to the body design, including an even more streamlined front end and improved interior comfort. Mechanically, the engine saw minor updates for improved performance and reliability. The PV658 was the standard, and the PV659 the de Luxe. Importantly, these models benefited from the accumulated experience and improvements derived from previous iterations. A notable addition was hydraulic brakes.
Reliability & Common Issues
The PV650 series, while robust for its time, is subject to the typical issues associated with classic cars. Prospective buyers should pay close attention to the following:
Engine:
- Wear and Tear: The 3.0-liter inline-six engine is generally reliable, but age takes its toll. Look for signs of wear, such as excessive oil consumption, knocking noises, or low compression. Rebuilding these engines can be costly and requires specialist knowledge.
- Cooling System: Overheating is a common issue in older cars. Check for leaks in the radiator, hoses, and water pump. The original cooling systems can struggle in modern traffic conditions, so consider whether the car has been upgraded with a more efficient radiator.
- Carburetor: The original carburetor can be finicky and require frequent adjustment. A well-maintained carburetor is crucial for smooth running. Consider the availability of spare parts and rebuild kits.
Chassis & Suspension:
- Rust: Rust is a major concern, especially in areas prone to moisture. Pay close attention to the undercarriage, frame rails, floor pans, and body panels. Repairing rust can be expensive and time-consuming.
- Suspension Components: The leaf spring suspension is durable but can become worn over time. Check for sagging springs, worn bushings, and damaged shock absorbers (if equipped).
- Brakes: The earliest models (PV651/652) used mechanical brakes, while later models (PV658/659) used hydraulic brakes. The hydraulic brakes are significantly more effective. Regardless of type, ensure the brakes are in good working order, with no leaks or excessive wear.
Electrical System:
- Wiring: The original wiring is likely brittle and prone to corrosion. A full re-wire may be necessary to ensure reliability and prevent electrical fires.
- Generator/Dynamo: Check the charging system to ensure it is functioning correctly. Rebuilding or replacing the generator/dynamo may be required.
Interior:
- Upholstery and Trim: Original upholstery will likely be worn or damaged. Replacement upholstery and trim pieces can be difficult to find and expensive. Consider the cost of restoring the interior when evaluating a potential purchase.
- Wood Trim: Many PV650s featured wood trim. Check for cracks, delamination, and water damage. Refinishing or replacing wood trim can be a costly undertaking.
Driving Experience
Driving a Volvo PV650 is a unique experience that transports you back to a different era. It's not about blistering performance; it's about enjoying the journey.
Pros:
- Classic Style: The PV650 boasts a timeless design that attracts attention wherever it goes.
- Comfortable Ride (for its era): The car provides a surprisingly comfortable ride, especially on smooth roads.
- Relatively Simple Mechanics: While older, the mechanical simplicity makes it easier to diagnose and repair issues compared to modern cars (provided you have the knowledge and tools).
- Historical Significance: Owning a PV650 is owning a piece of Volvo's history.
Cons:
- Slow Performance: The engine's power output is modest by modern standards. Acceleration is leisurely, and highway cruising requires patience.
- Manual Steering and Brakes: The lack of power steering and brakes can make the car challenging to maneuver, especially at low speeds.
- Limited Availability of Parts: Sourcing spare parts can be difficult and expensive. A network of Volvo classic car enthusiasts is invaluable.
- Reliability Issues: As with any classic car, reliability can be unpredictable. Regular maintenance and careful attention are essential.
Buying Advice
Purchasing a Volvo PV650 requires careful consideration and due diligence.
Years to Look For:
- PV658/659 (1935-1937): These models are generally considered the most desirable due to their hydraulic brakes and refined design. They also benefit from the most development time, theoretically leading to better reliability.
Years to Avoid (or approach with caution):
- PV651/652 (1929-1930): These early models are charming but have less effective mechanical brakes and a more primitive design. Parts availability may also be more limited.
Key Considerations:
- Condition: Prioritize condition over originality. A well-maintained car is far more enjoyable than a perfectly original car that is constantly breaking down.
- Rust Repair: Check thoroughly for rust, especially in common areas. Extensive rust repair can quickly exceed the value of the car.
- Completeness: Ensure the car is complete, with all original parts present. Missing parts can be difficult and expensive to replace.
- Documentation: Look for any available documentation, such as service records, ownership history, and original manuals.
- Expert Inspection: Have the car inspected by a qualified mechanic with experience in classic Volvo vehicles.
- Budget: Factor in the cost of potential repairs, restoration, and ongoing maintenance. Classic car ownership is not inexpensive.
Ultimately, buying a Volvo PV650 series car is an investment in automotive history. With careful research and a realistic understanding of the challenges involved, you can enjoy the unique experience of owning and driving one of these iconic vehicles.
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