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The Mitsubishi Debonair: A Comprehensive Guide

Introduction

The Mitsubishi Debonair was a series of executive cars manufactured by Mitsubishi Motors from 1964 to 1999. Positioned as Mitsubishi's flagship sedan, the Debonair aimed to provide a luxurious and sophisticated alternative to rivals like the Toyota Crown and Nissan Cedric/Gloria. Its name, "Debonair," reflects Mitsubishi's aspiration to create a car with an elegant and refined presence. Throughout its lifespan, the Debonair evolved from a uniquely styled, somewhat quirky vehicle into a more conventional, badge-engineered offering. Understanding its history and the characteristics of each generation is crucial for potential buyers.

Generations

First Generation (1964-1986): This generation, designed by Hans S. Bretzner, stands out for its distinct American-inspired styling. Its long, low, and wide silhouette, coupled with minimal brightwork (for the Japanese market), gave it a unique presence. Key features included:

Launch with the 2.0L KE64 inline-six engine.

Addition of a 2.0L G54B four-cylinder Astron engine later in its production run.

Numerous minor facelifts over its exceptionally long production run, including changes to the grille, bumpers, and interior trim.

Introduction of a long-wheelbase limousine version.

Second Generation (1986-1992): This generation marked a significant shift. It was developed jointly with Hyundai, who sold it as the Hyundai Grandeur. The second-generation Debonair became a front-wheel-drive platform, a departure from the previous rear-wheel-drive layout. Key features included:

Available with 2.0L and 3.0L V6 engines.

More modern and aerodynamic styling compared to the first generation.

Improved interior comfort and features.

Available with advanced technologies like electronically controlled suspension.

Third Generation (1992-1999): The final generation Debonair was a rebadged Hyundai Grandeur XG. This generation represented a complete shift from Mitsubishi's in-house design to a badge-engineered vehicle. Key features included:

Powered primarily by a 3.5L V6 engine.

Focus on luxury and refinement, with features like leather upholstery, premium audio systems, and advanced safety features.

Styling identical to the Hyundai Grandeur XG, with minor differences in badging and trim.

Reliability & Common Issues

The reliability of the Mitsubishi Debonair varies significantly depending on the generation:

First Generation (1964-1986)

Engine Issues: The KE64 inline-six engine, while robust for its time, can suffer from wear and tear due to its age. Common issues include oil leaks, carburetor problems (particularly with the original Mikuni carburetors), and cooling system issues. The later Astron engine is generally more reliable but can still experience issues common to older four-cylinder engines.

Electrical Problems: Electrical components can degrade over time, leading to wiring issues, faulty switches, and malfunctioning gauges. Finding replacement parts for specific electrical components can be challenging.

Rust: Early models are prone to rust, especially in areas with harsh weather conditions. Check carefully around the wheel arches, door bottoms, and chassis rails.

Parts Availability: Finding parts for the first-generation Debonair can be difficult, as many parts are no longer in production. Specialist suppliers and online forums are often the best sources for parts.

Second Generation (1986-1992)

Engine Issues: The V6 engines, while generally reliable, can suffer from timing belt issues if not properly maintained. Regular timing belt replacement is crucial. Oil leaks from valve covers and rear main seals are also common.

Transmission Issues: The automatic transmissions can experience problems with shifting and torque converter lockup, especially at higher mileage. Regular transmission fluid changes are essential.

Suspension Issues: The electronically controlled suspension, while innovative for its time, can be problematic. The sensors and actuators can fail, leading to a harsh ride or suspension warnings. Replacing these components can be expensive.

Electrical Problems: Similar to the first generation, electrical issues can arise due to age. Check for faulty sensors, malfunctioning power windows, and problems with the climate control system.

Third Generation (1992-1999)

Engine Issues: The 3.5L V6 (shared with the Hyundai Grandeur XG) is generally reliable, but can suffer from coil pack failures and issues with the variable intake system. Listen for misfires and check engine lights.

Transmission Issues: The automatic transmission is generally reliable if properly maintained. Fluid changes are critical to prevent issues. Slipping or harsh shifting are signs of potential problems.

Suspension Issues: Suspension components, like shocks and struts, can wear out over time, leading to a bouncy ride. Check for worn ball joints and tie rod ends as well.

Electronics: While more modern than previous generations, the electronics can still exhibit age-related failures. Check the function of all power accessories, climate control, and the anti-lock braking system (ABS).

Driving Experience

The driving experience varies greatly depending on the generation of Debonair:

First Generation (1964-1986)

Pros: Unique styling, comfortable ride, smooth engine (especially the inline-six), a classic car experience.

Cons: Dated handling, low power output, poor fuel economy, challenging parts availability, potentially significant maintenance requirements.

Second Generation (1986-1992)

Pros: More modern handling and performance than the first generation, improved fuel economy, comfortable interior, more readily available parts than the first generation.

Cons: Styling that is less distinctive than the first generation, potentially problematic electronically controlled suspension, can feel somewhat dated by modern standards.

Third Generation (1992-1999)

Pros: Luxurious interior, comfortable ride, smooth and powerful engine, relatively modern features, easier to find parts compared to earlier generations due to shared components with the Hyundai Grandeur XG.

Cons: Lacks the unique character of earlier Debonairs, badge-engineered appearance, not as engaging to drive as some competitors.

Buying Advice

When considering purchasing a Mitsubishi Debonair, consider the following:

First Generation (1964-1986): This generation is best suited for enthusiasts who appreciate classic cars and are willing to invest time and resources in restoration and maintenance. Look for examples that are in good condition with minimal rust. Be prepared for potential challenges in sourcing parts and finding qualified mechanics.

Second Generation (1986-1992): This generation offers a better balance of classic appeal and modern usability. Look for examples that have been well-maintained, with regular servicing records. Pay close attention to the condition of the suspension and transmission. Models with the 3.0L V6 engine are generally preferred for their increased power.

Third Generation (1992-1999): This generation is the most practical choice for those seeking a comfortable and reliable executive sedan. Focus on finding examples that have been meticulously maintained. Due to its shared components with the Hyundai Grandeur XG, sourcing parts is relatively easier compared to the other generations. Check for common issues associated with the Hyundai Grandeur XG of the same era. Be aware that it lacks the distinctive character of the earlier Debonairs.

Inspect Thoroughly: Regardless of the generation, a thorough inspection is crucial. Check for rust, engine issues, transmission problems, and electrical faults. Pay attention to the condition of the interior and ensure that all features are working properly.

Consider a Pre-Purchase Inspection: It is highly recommended to have a qualified mechanic perform a pre-purchase inspection before committing to a purchase. This can help identify potential problems and avoid costly surprises down the road.

Factor in Maintenance Costs: Be prepared for potential maintenance costs, especially with older models. Parts availability can be a challenge for the first and second generations, which can drive up repair costs.

Do Your Research: Research the specific generation and model year you are interested in. Consult online forums and owner's groups to learn about common issues and potential problems.

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