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Mitsubishi I Miev

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Mitsubishi i-MiEV: A Comprehensive Guide

The Mitsubishi i-MiEV (Innovative Mitsubishi Electric Vehicle) was one of the first mass-produced electric vehicles available globally. Launched in 2009 in Japan and later exported to various markets, including Europe and North America, the i-MiEV paved the way for the electric vehicle revolution. Categorized as a kei car in Japan and a subcompact/city car in other markets, the i-MiEV aimed to offer an affordable and practical electric mobility solution for urban environments.

Generations

First Generation (2009-2021)

The i-MiEV saw a single generation of production, albeit with various updates and regional adaptations over its lifespan. Key changes and notable model years include:

  • 2009 (Japan): Initial launch in Japan as the i-MiEV. Powered by a 16 kWh lithium-ion battery pack and a 47 kW electric motor. Top speed around 81 mph (130 km/h) and a range of approximately 100 miles (160 km) under ideal conditions (Japanese test cycle).
  • 2011 (Europe & North America): Export began to Europe and North America, often with minor cosmetic and equipment variations. North American models sometimes offered slightly different interior trim and safety features to meet local regulations.
  • 2012 (Battery Upgrade): Some markets saw the introduction of slightly improved battery technology, aiming for a modest range increase, though this varied by region and specific model year.
  • Throughout Production: Minor trim and feature updates occurred annually, but the core powertrain and architecture remained largely consistent. The car was also rebadged and sold as the Peugeot iOn and Citroën C-Zero, marking early examples of platform sharing in the EV market.
  • 2017: Mitsubishi halted sales of the i-MiEV in the United States.
  • 2021: Production of the Mitsubishi i-MiEV ended globally.

Reliability & Common Issues

The i-MiEV is generally regarded as a mechanically simple and relatively reliable vehicle due to its electric drivetrain. However, like any car, it has its share of potential issues:

  • Battery Degradation: This is the most significant concern with any used EV, including the i-MiEV. Battery capacity degrades over time and usage, leading to reduced range. Careful inspection of the battery's health is crucial. Look for reduced range during test drives and, if possible, obtain a battery health report from a Mitsubishi dealer or a qualified independent EV mechanic. Battery replacement can be expensive.
  • Battery Management System (BMS) Issues: While less common than degradation, the BMS, which controls charging and discharging, can malfunction. Symptoms include uneven charging, sudden range drops, or error messages. This requires specialized diagnostic equipment to resolve.
  • Onboard Charger Failure: The onboard charger, which converts AC power from the grid to DC power for the battery, can fail. This will prevent the car from charging at home or public AC charging stations. Replacing the onboard charger can be costly.
  • Brake System: The regenerative braking system can wear down the traditional friction brakes slowly, but caliper seizing and pad wear are still possible, especially in regions with harsh winters and road salt. Regularly inspect the brakes.
  • Suspension Components: Like any car, suspension components such as struts, shocks, and bushings can wear out over time, leading to a rough ride and diminished handling. Pay attention to noises and handling issues during a test drive.
  • HVAC System: While simple, the HVAC system (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning) can experience issues, particularly with the compressor. Problems with the climate control can significantly impact the driving experience, especially in extreme climates.
  • Software Glitches: While not prevalent, occasional software glitches can affect various systems, including the infotainment system and vehicle controls. These can sometimes be resolved with software updates, but availability of updates for older models is limited.

Mechanical Analysis: The i-MiEV's electric motor is remarkably durable, generally lasting well over 100,000 miles with minimal maintenance. The single-speed transmission is also very reliable. The key to the car's longevity is primarily dependent on the battery's condition. Pay close attention to battery health when evaluating a used i-MiEV. Regular maintenance, such as brake inspections and fluid checks (coolant for the battery pack), is still important.

Driving Experience

The i-MiEV offers a unique driving experience, particularly suited for urban environments. Here's a breakdown:

  • Pros:
    • Instant Torque: Electric motors provide instant torque, resulting in brisk acceleration from a standstill, ideal for city driving.
    • Quiet Operation: The electric motor operates silently, providing a peaceful and relaxing driving experience.
    • Zero Emissions: The i-MiEV produces zero tailpipe emissions, contributing to cleaner air in urban areas.
    • Low Running Costs: Electricity is typically cheaper than gasoline, resulting in lower running costs. Minimal maintenance is also a factor.
    • Compact Size: Its small footprint makes it easy to maneuver and park in crowded city streets.
  • Cons:
    • Limited Range: The i-MiEV's range is limited, especially in colder weather or at higher speeds. This makes it unsuitable for long-distance trips.
    • Slow Charging: Charging times can be relatively slow, especially with a standard 120V outlet. Even with a Level 2 charger, charging takes several hours.
    • Basic Interior: The interior is simple and utilitarian, reflecting the car's affordable price point.
    • Limited Performance: While acceleration is adequate for city driving, the i-MiEV lacks power at higher speeds.
    • Safety: Older models have fewer modern safety features.

How it feels: The i-MiEV feels nimble and responsive in city traffic. The lack of engine noise contributes to a serene driving experience. However, the range anxiety is a real factor, especially on longer journeys. The ride quality can be firm, and the interior lacks refinement compared to newer EVs.

Buying Advice

Buying a used i-MiEV can be a cost-effective way to experience electric mobility, but careful consideration is essential:

  • Years to Look For: Later model years (2014-2017) are generally preferable, as they may have slightly improved battery technology and feature updates. However, battery health is the paramount concern, regardless of the model year.
  • Years to Avoid: Earlier model years (2011-2013) may have more significant battery degradation due to age.
  • Battery Health Assessment: Prioritize a thorough battery health assessment. Look for reduced range during a test drive and, if possible, obtain a battery health report from a Mitsubishi dealer or a qualified independent EV mechanic. This is the most critical factor in determining the i-MiEV's value and long-term viability.
  • Check Charging Infrastructure: Ensure you have access to adequate charging infrastructure, either at home or at public charging stations. A Level 2 charger is highly recommended to minimize charging times.
  • Consider Your Needs: Evaluate your daily driving needs and whether the i-MiEV's limited range and performance are sufficient. It's best suited for short commutes and urban errands.
  • Pre-Purchase Inspection: Have a qualified mechanic inspect the car before purchase, paying particular attention to the battery, charging system, brakes, and suspension.
  • Negotiate Based on Battery Condition: Use the battery health assessment as a bargaining chip. If the battery is significantly degraded, negotiate a lower price to reflect the potential cost of future battery replacement.
  • Be realistic about range: Real world range is almost always lower than advertised range, especially in colder climates or when using accessories like the heater.

By following this guide, you can make an informed decision about purchasing a used Mitsubishi i-MiEV and enjoy the benefits of electric mobility.

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