Mitsubishi 500: A Comprehensive Guide
The Mitsubishi 500, a name largely unfamiliar outside of Japan, represents Mitsubishi's initial foray into the passenger car market after World War II. Introduced in 1960, it was a significant step for a company primarily known for industrial machinery and shipbuilding at the time. This diminutive vehicle, belonging to the Kei car (light automobile) class, was designed to provide affordable and practical transportation to the rapidly motorizing Japanese population. It laid the groundwork for Mitsubishi's future successes in the automotive industry, and while not widely exported, it holds an important place in the brand's history.
Generations
The Mitsubishi 500 had a relatively short production run, spanning only one major generation. However, there were some notable revisions during its lifetime.
- 1960-1962: Initial Model (Model 500)
- Launched with a 493cc air-cooled, two-stroke inline-two engine producing approximately 21 horsepower.
- Simple, rear-wheel-drive layout with a live axle rear suspension.
- Distinctive round headlights and overall minimalist design.
- Engine start used a Dynastart system, combining starter and generator functions.
- 1962-1967: Improved Model (Model 500 Super Deluxe)
- Engine power slightly increased to around 25 horsepower through modifications to the carburetor and exhaust system.
- Improved interior trim and features, justifying the "Super Deluxe" moniker.
- Minor cosmetic changes, including a revised grille.
- Upgraded brakes for improved stopping power.
Reliability & Common Issues
Given the age and simplicity of the Mitsubishi 500, its reliability is generally considered to be good, provided it has been properly maintained. However, potential buyers should be aware of several common issues related to its age and design:
Engine
- Two-Stroke Engine Complexity: Two-stroke engines require careful oil mixing (either premix or automatic injection). Incorrect oil mixtures can lead to piston seizure and engine damage. Finding suitable two-stroke oil designed for older engines is essential.
- Overheating: The air-cooled engine can be prone to overheating, especially in hot climates or during prolonged high-speed driving. Ensure the cooling fins are clean and unobstructed.
- Carburetor Issues: Carburetor problems are common in older vehicles. Issues can range from simple clogging to worn components. A thorough carburetor cleaning and rebuild might be necessary.
- Dynastart System: The Dynastart system can be problematic. Finding replacement parts or qualified technicians familiar with this system can be challenging. Conversion to a modern starter motor system might be considered by some owners.
Chassis & Suspension
- Corrosion: Rust is a major concern for any vehicle of this age, particularly in areas with harsh weather conditions. Pay close attention to the undercarriage, floor pans, and body panels.
- Suspension Wear: Bushings, springs, and shock absorbers will likely be worn. Replacement parts may be difficult to source and require custom fabrication.
- Brake System: The braking system is basic and may require extensive work to restore to original condition. Check for leaks, corrosion, and worn brake shoes. Replacement parts may be difficult to find.
Electrical System
- Wiring Issues: Deteriorated wiring is common. Check for cracked insulation, corroded connectors, and faulty grounds. A complete rewiring may be necessary for reliable operation.
- Original Lighting: The original lighting system is weak by modern standards. Upgrading to LED bulbs can improve visibility and safety.
Driving Experience
Driving a Mitsubishi 500 is a unique experience that transports you back to a simpler era of motoring. It's a car best enjoyed at lower speeds on back roads, where its limitations are less pronounced.
Pros
- Nimble Handling: The car's small size and light weight make it surprisingly agile and fun to drive in tight spaces.
- Simple Mechanics: The car's mechanical simplicity makes it relatively easy to understand and work on, provided you have the necessary skills and knowledge.
- Fuel Efficiency: The small engine delivers excellent fuel economy, even by modern standards.
- Historical Significance: Owning a Mitsubishi 500 is a connection to the early days of Japanese automotive history.
Cons
- Limited Power: The engine's low horsepower makes it unsuitable for modern highways or steep hills.
- Basic Features: The car lacks many of the features found in modern vehicles, such as power steering, air conditioning, and advanced safety systems.
- Spare Parts Availability: Finding replacement parts can be extremely difficult and expensive, requiring extensive searching and potentially custom fabrication.
- Safety Concerns: The car's small size and lack of modern safety features make it vulnerable in accidents.
- Noise and Vibration: Two-stroke engines are known for being relatively noisy and producing significant vibration.
Buying Advice
Purchasing a Mitsubishi 500 requires careful consideration and a realistic understanding of the challenges involved in owning a classic car.
What to Look For
- Rust-Free Example: Prioritize finding a car with minimal rust. Rust repair can be costly and time-consuming.
- Complete Car: Ensure that all original parts are present, as sourcing replacements can be difficult.
- Documented History: Look for cars with documented service history, if available. This can provide valuable insights into the car's condition and maintenance.
- Enthusiast Owned: Cars owned by enthusiasts are more likely to have been well-maintained.
What to Avoid
- Heavily Modified Cars: Avoid cars that have been heavily modified, as this can compromise their originality and reliability.
- Cars with Extensive Rust Damage: Extensive rust damage can be difficult and costly to repair.
- Cars with Missing Parts: Missing parts can be extremely difficult to source.
- Cars with Unknown History: Cars with an unknown history should be approached with caution.
Years to Favor
While all Mitsubishi 500 models are rare, the later "Super Deluxe" models (1962-1967) are generally preferred due to their slightly improved engine and interior. However, condition is far more important than the specific year.
Final Thoughts
Owning a Mitsubishi 500 is a rewarding experience for those who appreciate vintage automobiles and are willing to invest the time and effort required to maintain them. It's not a practical daily driver, but rather a charming piece of automotive history that offers a unique glimpse into the past. Be prepared for the challenges of sourcing parts, performing maintenance, and accepting the car's limitations. If you're up for the adventure, the Mitsubishi 500 can provide years of enjoyment.
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